Keyword search across all of the laws in the states. Subject-area tabs above allow you to narrow results. Click the advanced search for further refinement.
Every law can be saved to the Reform Builder
See all ability to pay policy recommendations in CJPP’s Policy Guide
Below are the ability to pay laws that meet your search criteria. Many include a See related provisions prompt which searches our database for laws that may pertain to your result.
31 Results
State | Statute | Description/Statute Name | Statutory language | Level of offense | Definition of ability to pay | Timeline | Burden of proof | Method of determination | Mandatory | Remedies if unable to pay | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 31-20-6 | Conditions of order deferring or suspending sentence |
The defendant upon conviction shall be required to pay the actual costs of the defendant’s supervised probation service to the adult probation and parole division of the corrections department or appropriate responsible agency for deposit to the corrections department intensive supervision fund not exceeding one thousand eight hundred dollars ($1,800) annually to be paid in monthly installments of not less than twenty-five dollars ($25.00) and not more than one hundred fifty dollars ($150), as set by the appropriate district supervisor of the adult probation and parole division, based upon the financial circumstances of the defendant. The defendant’s payment of the supervised probation costs shall not be waived unless the court holds an evidentiary hearing and finds that the defendant is unable to pay the costs. If the court waives the defendant’s payment of the supervised probation costs and the defendant’s financial circumstances subsequently change so that the defendant is able to pay the costs, the appropriate district supervisor of the adult probation and parole division shall advise the court and the court shall hold an evidentiary hearing to determine whether the waiver should be rescinded.
|
All |
Not provided for |
Before imposition of fine or fee | Burden on defendant to show inability to pay | Determined by judge after hearing | No |
Fee waiver |
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 31-16-7 | Recovery from defendant |
A. The district attorney may, on behalf of the state, recover payment or reimbursement, as the case may be, from each person who has received legal assistance or another benefit under the Indigent Defense Act: (1) to which he was not entitled; (2) with respect to which he was not a needy person when he received it; or (3) with respect to which he has failed to make the certificate required by Section 62 B of the Indigent Defense Act and for which he refuses to pay. Suit must be brought within six years after the date on which the aid was received.
B. The district attorney may, on behalf of the state, recover payment or reimbursement, as the case may be, from each person other than a person covered by SMayubsection A who has received legal assistance under the Indigent Defense Act and who, on the date on which suit is brought, is financially able to pay or reimburse the state for it according to the standards of ability to pay applicable under the Indigent Defense Act but refuses to do so. Suit must be brought within three years after the date on which the benefit was received. |
All |
Not provided for |
Before imposition of fine or fee | Not provided for | Determined by judge after hearing | No |
May not recover payment or reimbursement. |
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 31-12-3(D) | Paying fines, fees, or costs in installments |
If it appears that a defendant's default in the payment of a fine, fees or costs is not contumacious, the court may allow the defendant additional time for payment, reduce the amount of the fine or of each installment, revoke the fine or the unpaid portion in whole or in part or require the defendant to perform community service in lieu of the fine, fees or costs.
|
All |
Default not "contumacious" |
At enforcement of fine or fee | Not provided for | Determined by judge without hearing | No |
Additional time for payment, reduce the amount of the fine or of each installment, revoke the fine or the unpaid portion in whole or in part, or require the defendant to perform community service in lieu payment.
|
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 31-12-3(A) | Paying fines, fees, or costs in installments |
Any person sentenced to pay a fine or to pay fees and costs in any criminal proceeding against him, either in addition to or without a term of imprisonment, may in the discretion of the court be allowed to pay such fine, fees or costs in installments of such amounts, at such times and upon such conditions as the court may fix. The defendant may also be required to serve a period of time in labor to be known as “community service” in lieu of all or part of the fine. If unable to pay the fees or costs, he may be granted permission to perform community service in lieu of them as well . . .
|
All |
Not provided for |
Before imposition of fine or fee | Not provided for | Determined by judge without hearing | No |
Community service in lieu of payment. |
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 31-16-5(B)-(C) | Determination of indigency |
B. In determining whether a person is a needy person and the extent of his inability to pay, the court concerned may consider such factors as income, property owned, outstanding obligations and the number and ages of his dependents. Release on bail does not necessarily prevent him from being a needy person. In each case, the person shall, subject to the penalties for perjury, certify in writing or by other record material factors relating to his ability to pay as the court prescribes.
C. To the extent that a person covered by Section 60 [31-16-3 NMSA 1978] of the Indigent Defense Act is able to provide for an attorney, the other necessary services and facilities of representation and court costs, the court may order him to provide for their payment. |
All |
Factors considered: income, property owned, outstanding obligations and number and age of dependents |
Not provided for | Not provided for | Determined by judge without hearing | Yes |
Representation provided without costs |
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 31-15-12(C) | Explanation of rights; waiver of counsel; application fee; indigency determination |
A person shall pay a non-refundable application fee of ten dollars ($10.00) at the time the person applies with the public defender for representation. The fee shall be deposited in the public defender automation fund. The public defender shall determine if the person is indigent and unable to pay the fee, subject to review by the court. When the person remains in custody and is unable to pay the fee, the court may waive payment of the fee.
|
All |
Not provided for |
Before imposition of fine or fee | Not provided for | Other | No |
Fee waiver |
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 30-18-1.2(C)-(D) | Disposition of seized animals |
C. An agent of the New Mexico livestock board, an animal control agency operated by the state, a county or a municipality, or an animal shelter or other animal welfare organization designated by an animal control agency or an animal shelter, in the custody of which an animal that has been cruelly treated has been placed may petition the court to request that the animal's owner may be ordered to post security with the court to indemnify the costs incurred to care and provide for the seized animal pending the disposition of any criminal charges of committing cruelty to animals pending against the animal's owner.
D. The court shall determine the amount of security while taking into consideration all of the circumstances of the case including the owner’s ability to pay, and may conduct periodic reviews of its order. If the posting of security is ordered, the animal control agency, animal shelter or animal welfare organization may, with permission of the court, draw from the security to indemnify the costs incurred to care and provide for the seized animal pending disposition of the criminal charges. |
All |
Not provided for |
Before imposition of fine or fee | Not provided for | Determined by judge without hearing | No |
N/A |
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 31-1A-2(J) | Procedures for post-conviction consideration of DNA evidence; requirements |
The cost of DNA testing ordered pursuant to this section shall be borne by the state or the petitioner, as the district court may order in the interest of justice. Provided, that a petitioner shall not be denied DNA testing because of the petitioner's inability to pay for the cost of DNA testing.
|
All |
Not provided for |
Before imposition of fine or fee | Not provided for | Determined by judge without hearing | No |
Cost paid by state.
|
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 31-17-1(B) | Victim restitution |
If the defendant is currently unable to make any restitution but there is a reasonable possibility that the defendant may be able to do so at some time during his probation or parole period, the plan of restitution shall also state the conditions under which or the event after which the defendant will make restitution. If the defendant believes that he will not be able to make any restitution, he shall so state and shall specify the reasons.
|
All |
Unable to make restituion. |
Before imposition of fine or fee | Burden on defendant to show inability to pay | Not provided for | No |
N/A |
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 31-20-6 | Conditions of order deferring or suspending sentence |
The magistrate, metropolitan or district court shall attach to its order deferring or suspending sentence reasonable conditions as it may deem necessary to ensure that the defendant will observe the laws of the United States and the various states and the ordinances of any municipality . . . The defendant upon conviction shall be required to pay the actual costs of the defendant's supervised probation service to the adult probation and parole division of the corrections department or appropriate responsible agency for deposit to the corrections department intensive supervision fund not exceeding one thousand eight hundred dollars ($1,800) annually to be paid in monthly installments of not less than twenty-five dollars ($25.00) and not more than one hundred fifty dollars ($150), as set by the appropriate district supervisor of the adult probation and parole division, based upon the financial circumstances of the defendant. The defendant's payment of the supervised probation costs shall not be waived unless the court holds an evidentiary hearing and finds that the defendant is unable to pay the costs. If the court waives the defendant's payment of the supervised probation costs and the defendant's financial circumstances subsequently change so that the defendant is able to pay the costs, the appropriate district supervisor of the adult probation and parole division shall advise the court and the court shall hold an evidentiary hearing to determine whether the waiver should be rescinded.
|
All |
Not provided for |
Before imposition of fine or fee | Not provided for | Determined by judge after hearing | No |
Fee waiver |
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 31-21-10(G)(1) | Parole authority and procedure |
G. Pursuant to the provisions of Section 31-18-15 NMSA 1978, the board shall require the inmate as a condition of parole: (1) to pay the actual costs of parole services to the adult probation and parole division of the corrections department for deposit to the corrections department intensive supervision fund not exceeding one thousand eight hundred dollars ($1,800) annually to be paid in monthly installments of not less than twenty-five dollars ($25.00) and not more than one hundred fifty dollars ($150), as set by the appropriate district supervisor of the adult probation and parole division, based upon the financial circumstances of the defendant. The defendant's payment of the supervised parole costs shall not be waived unless the board holds an evidentiary hearing and finds that the defendant is unable to pay the costs. If the board waives the defendant's payment of the supervised parole costs and the defendant's financial circumstances subsequently change so that the defendant is able to pay the costs, the appropriate district supervisor of the adult probation and parole division shall advise the board and the board shall hold an evidentiary hearing to determine whether the waiver should be rescinded.
|
All |
Not provided for |
Before imposition of fine or fee | Not provided for | Determined by judge after hearing | No |
Fee waiver |
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 33-9-3 | Community corrections grant fund; established; co-payments |
A. There is created in the state treasury a special fund to be known as the “community corrections grant fund”. All money appropriated to the fund or accruing to it as a result of gift, deposit, investments or other sources shall not be transferred to another fund or encumbered or disbursed in any manner except as provided in the Adult Community Corrections Act. The fund shall be for the purpose of providing programs and services for the diversion of criminal offenders to community-based settings.
B. The department shall require criminal offenders who participate in a program and who receive services to make a co-payment to offset the cost of the services. The amount of the co-payment shall be based upon the offender's ability to pay. The department shall collect the co-payments and on a monthly basis deliver them to the state treasurer for deposit in the community corrections grant fund. |
All | Not provided for | Before imposition of fine or fee | Not provided for | Administrative decision | No |
Copayment sent based on ability to pay. |
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 35-5-8(A) | Magistrate court; indigency standard; fee schedule; reimbursement |
A. The magistrate court shall use a standard adopted by the public defender department to determine indigency of persons accused of crimes carrying a possible jail sentence. |
All |
Indigency |
Not provided for | Not provided for | Not provided for | No |
N/A |
Add to Dashboard
|
New Mexico | N.M. Stat. Ann. § 34-6-46(A) | District court; indigency standard; fee schedule; reimbursement |
The district court shall use a standard adopted by the public defender department to determine indigency of persons accused of crimes carrying a possible jail sentence. |
All |
Indigent |
Not provided for | Not provided for | Not provided for | No |
N/A |
Add to Dashboard
|
Virginia | Va. Code Ann. § 19.2-355 | Petition of defendant |
(a) In determining whether the defendant is unable to pay such fine forthwith, the court may require such defendant to file a petition, under oath, with the court, upon a + See moreform provided by the court, setting forth the financial condition of the defendant.
(b) Such form shall be a questionnaire, and shall include, but shall not be limited to: the name and residence of the defendant; his occupation, if any; his family status and the number of persons dependent upon him; his monthly income; whether or not his dependents are employed and, if so, their approximate monthly income; his banking accounts, if any; real estate owned by the defendant, or any interest he may have in real estate; income produced therefrom; any independent income accruing to the defendant; tangible and intangible personal property owned by the defendant, or in which he may have an interest; and a statement listing the approximate indebtedness of the defendant to other persons. Such form shall also include a payment plan of the defendant, if the court should exercise its discretion in permitting the payment of such fine and costs in installments or other conditions to be fixed by the court.
|
All | Not provided for | Before imposition of fine or fee | Not provided for | Not provided for | No |
permitting the payment of such fine and costs in installments or other conditions to be fixed by the court |
Add to Dashboard
|
Virginia | Va. Code Ann. § 19.2-358(C) | Show cause hearing on default |
B. Following the order to show cause or following a capias issued for a defendant's failure to comply with a court order to appear issued pursuant to subsection A of + See more§ 19.2-354, unless the defendant shows that his default was not attributable to an intentional refusal to obey the sentence of the court, or not attributable to a failure on his part to make a good faith effort to obtain the necessary funds for payment, or unless the defendant shows that any failure to appear was not attributable to an intentional refusal to obey the order of the court, the court may order the defendant confined as for a contempt for a term not to exceed sixty days or impose a fine not to exceed $500. The court may provide in its order that payment or satisfaction of the amounts in default at any time will entitle the defendant to his release from such confinement or, after entering the order, may at any time reduce the sentence for good cause shown, including payment or satisfaction of such amounts.
C. If it appears that the default is excusable under the standards set forth in subsection B hereof, the court may enter an order allowing the defendant additional time for payment, reducing the amount due or of each installment, or remitting the unpaid portion in whole or in part.
|
All | Not provided for | At enforcement of fine or fee | Burden on defendant to show inability to pay | Determined by judge after hearing | No |
additional time for payment, reducing the amount due or of each installment, or remitting the unpaid portion in whole or in part |
Add to Dashboard
|
Virginia | Va. Code Ann. § 19.2-363 | Authority of Governor to grant relief from fines and penalties in case of deceased defendant |
provided, that when the party against whom the fine or penalty has been imposed and judgment rendered therefor has departed this life leaving a spouse or children surviving, the Governor + See moremay remit such fine or penalty upon the certificate of the judge of the circuit court of the county or city wherein such fine or penalty was imposed and judgment rendered, that to enforce the same against the estate, real or personal, of the decedent, would impose hardship upon the spouse or children
|
All |
would impose hardship upon the spouse or children |
At defendant's request at enforcement | Not provided for | Determined by judge after hearing | No |
remittance |
Add to Dashboard
|
Virginia | Va. Code Ann. § 19.2-299.2(C) | Local alcohol safety action program - ability to pay |
If the referral is to the local alcohol safety action program, the program may charge a fee for the education and intervention component, or both, not to exceed $300, based + See moreupon the defendant's ability to pay.
|
All | Not provided for | Not provided for | Not provided for | Not provided for | Yes |
Not specified |
Add to Dashboard
|
Virginia | Va. Code Ann. § 53.1-150.1 | Substance abuse treatment as condition of parole - exemptions |
Any person who is granted parole and who is required to receive substance abuse treatment as a condition of parole shall contribute towards the cost of such treatment based upon + See morehis ability to pay, as established pursuant to regulations promulgated by the Board of Corrections. The regulations shall provide that (i) any fees collected for such treatment shall be paid directly to the service provider and (ii) any person may be exempt from the payment of such fees on the grounds of unreasonable hardship.
|
All |
unreasonable hardship |
Before imposition of fine or fee | Not provided for | Administrative decision | Yes |
exemption from payment of fees |
Add to Dashboard
|
Virginia | Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-57.3(D) | Education/treatment program sliding scale fee structure |
The court shall require the person entering such education or treatment program or services under the provisions of this section to pay all or part of the costs of the + See moreprogram or services, including the costs of any assessment, evaluation, testing, education and treatment, based upon the person's ability to pay. Such programs or services shall offer a sliding-scale fee structure or other mechanism to assist participants who are unable to pay the full costs of the required programs or services.
|
All | Not provided for | Before imposition of fine or fee | Not provided for | Not provided for | Yes |
sliding scale fee structure |
The Criminal Justice Debt Reform Builder is a project of the National Criminal Justice Debt Initiative of the Criminal Justice Policy Program at Harvard Law School in collaboration with the Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University and with user experience design by metaLAB (at) Harvard.
For more information, please visit cjpp.law.harvard.edu.