Poverty Penalties and Poverty Traps

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State Statute Description/Statute Name Statutory language Type of poverty penalty or poverty trap Level of offense Mandatory
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 5-26-401(d) Nonsupport

A district court located in a county having a population in excess of two hundred thousand (200,000) inhabitants shall cause a warrant of arrest to be issued upon affidavit of

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a spouse or any person who is responsible for maintenance of a dependent child who states that nonsupport has taken place.

Incarceration All Yes
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 5-26-413   Temporary Support Order

At any time before a trial or pending appeal, upon motion of a complainant and upon notice to the defendant, the court may: ...(2) Punish for violation of the temporary

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support order as for contempt.

Incarceration All No
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 5-26-414(c)  Order for Periodic Payments -- Release of Defendant on Own Recognizance

Failure to appear is punishable by imprisonment for not less than ten (10) days nor more than ninety (90) days and shall not be suspended.

Incarceration All Yes
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 16-98-304(b) Cost and Fees

(1)The drug court judge shall establish a schedule for the payment of costs and fees. . . (7) Court orders for costs and fees shall remain an obligation of the

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offender with court monitoring until fully paid.

Payment plan/installment plan All Yes
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 16-98-304(b) Cost and Fees

(b)(1) The drug court judge shall establish a schedule for the payment of costs and fees. . .

(7) Court orders for costs and fees shall remain an obligation of the

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offender with court monitoring until fully paid

Condition or extension of supervision All Yes
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-206(b) Collection of Unpaid Restitution--Interception of State Income Tax Returns

A court that orders the payment of restitution as a condition of a defendant's sentence shall note on the restitution order that the restitution may be collected through an interception

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of the defendant's state income tax return if the defendant has failed to comply with the terms and conditions of the restitution order.

Wage/bank account garnishment All No
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-204(a) Collection After Default

When a defendant sentenced to pay a fine or costs defaults in the payment of the fine or costs or of any installment, the fine or costs may be collected

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by any means authorized for the enforcement of a money judgment in a civil action.

Wage/bank account garnishment All No
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-204(a) Collection After Default

When a defendant sentenced to pay a fine or costs defaults in the payment of the fine or costs or of any installment, the fine or costs may be collected

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by any means authorized for the enforcement of a money judgment in a civil action.

Property liens All No
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-204(b) Collection After Default

A judgment that the defendant pay a fine or costs constitutes a lien on the real property and personal property of the defendant in the same manner and to the

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same extent as a money judgment in a civil action.

Property liens All Yes
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-303(c) Conditions of Suspension or Probation

(c) If the court suspends imposition of sentence on a defendant or places him or her on probation, as a condition of its order the court may require that the

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defendant: (1) Support his or her dependents and meet his or her family responsibilities . . . (6) Make restitution to an aggrieved party in an amount the defendant can afford to pay for the actual loss or damage caused by his or her offense

Condition or extension of supervision All No
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-303(f)(1)(C) Conditions of Suspension or Probation

(f)(1) If the court suspends imposition of sentence on a defendant or places him or her on probation conditioned upon his or her making restitution under subdivision (c)(6) of this

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section, the court, by concurrence of the victim, defendant, and the prosecuting authority, shall determine the amount to be paid as restitution . . . and (C) If a personal service is contemplated, the reasonable value and rate of compensation for the personal service rendered to the victim.

Work program/jail industry program All No
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-303(f)(2) Conditions of Suspension or Probation

After considering the assets, financial condition, and occupation of the defendant, the court shall further determine: (A) Whether restitution shall be total or partial; (B) The amounts to be paid

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if by periodic payments.

Payment plan/installment plan All No
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 17-1-103(d)(1) Registration, Certification, and Licensing for Criminal Offenders

For the purposes of this section, completion of the following shall be deemed prima facie evidence of sufficient rehabilitation: (1) Probation or parole supervision.

Driver's license suspension/impoundment All No
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 16-17-131 Suspension of License for Failure to Appear

(a) A person required to appear before a district court in this state, having been served with any form of notice to appear for any criminal offense, traffic violation, or

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misdemeanor charge, shall appear at the time and place designated in the notice.

(b)(1) If a person fails to appear as required in subsection (a) of this section, the presiding judge may suspend the person's driver's license.(2) The license shall be suspended until the person appears and completes the sentence ordered by the court.(3) After the person satisfies all requirements of the sentence, the Department of Finance and Administration shall assess the current fees for reinstatement of a driver's license.

Driver's license suspension/impoundment All No
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-202 Alternative Sentence Prohibited -- Time of Payment

(a) If the defendant is sentenced to pay a fine or costs, the court shall not at the same time impose an alternative sentence or imprisonment to be served if

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the fine or costs are not paid.

(b)(1) If a defendant is sentenced to pay a fine or costs, the court may grant permission for payment to be made:(A) Within a specified period of time; or(B) In specified installments.(2) If permission under subdivision (b)(1) of this section is not granted in the sentence, the fine or costs are payable immediately.

Payment plan/installment plan All No
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 16-92-104   Costs and Fees -- Capital Cases

The costs in all cases of conviction where the convict may be sentenced to suffer death, and all expenses attending the execution of the sentence, shall be adjudged and taxed

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by the court and paid out of the estate of the convict, and execution may be issued against the estate of the convict therefor.

Property liens Felony Yes
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 16-92-102   Costs and Fees -- Execution

(a) The clerk of the court, at the end of each term, shall issue executions for all fines imposed on indictments, in penal actions, or otherwise, and for the costs

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of conviction in criminal cases during the term, and remaining unpaid, which shall be executed in the same manner as executions in civil cases. The property of the defendant may be seized and sold, notwithstanding that he or she may be in custody for the same demand.

(b) In every case where a witness is summoned by a special subpoena to testify in a particular case in which an indictment may be found, it shall be the duty of the clerk to tax the attendance of the witness with the cost of the suit, to be collected from the defendant, in the event that judgment shall be rendered against him or her therefor, and to be paid into the county treasury.

Property liens All No
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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 16-92-101(a) Costs and Fees -- Defendant's Property Bound From Time of Arrest

The property, both real and personal, of any person charged with a criminal offense shall be bound from the time of his or her arrest or the finding of an

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indictment against him or her, whichever shall first happen, for the payment of all fines and costs which he or she may be adjudged to pay. However, no such lien shall be enforced unless the county judge of the county in which the judgment is rendered on the criminal charge shall file, or cause to be filed, with the circuit clerk of the county in which the person may own property, and within six (6) months after the rendition of judgment against the person, a notice of lis pendens as provided for in §§ 16-59-101 -- 16-59-105, 16-59-107, and 16-66-402 and shall cause suit to be instituted to enforce the lien within two (2) years after the date of the filing of the notice.

Property liens All Yes
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Arkansas A.C.A. § 3-3-102 Sentences and Fines

(a)  When a jail sentence is inflicted as part of the punishment, all persons convicted under this act shall serve out the sentence at hard labor; (b)  All fines and costs assessed

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against any person under this act and not paid or replevied shall be served out by confinement at hard labor at the rate of one (1) day for each one dollar ($1.00) of the fine and costs.

Work program/jail industry program All No
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Arkansas A.C.A. § 16-13-707 Lien on Property

(a)  When a defendant sentenced to pay a fine defaults in the payment thereof or of any installment, the fine may be collected by any means authorized for the enforcement of

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money judgments in civil actions; (b)  A judgment that the defendant pay a fine shall constitute a lien on the real and personal property of the defendant in the same manner and to the same extent as a money judgment in a civil action.

Property liens All No