Below are all of the laws that govern the structure of courts that match your search criteria.

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Missouri Mo. Const. Art. 5, § 1 Judicial Power - Constitutional Courts

The judicial power of the state shall be vested in a supreme court, a court of appeals consisting of districts as prescribed by law, and circuit courts.

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Missouri Mo. Const. Art. 5, § 2 Supreme court--controlling decisions--number of judges--sessions

The supreme court shall be the highest court in the state. Its jurisdiction shall be coextensive with the state. Its decisions shall be controlling in all other courts. It shall

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be composed of seven judges, who shall hold their sessions in Jefferson City at times fixed by the court.

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Missouri Mo. Const. Art. 5, § 3 Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court

The supreme court shall have exclusive appellate jurisdiction in all cases involving the validity of a treaty or statute of the United States, or of a statute or provision of

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the constitution of this state, the construction of the revenue laws of this state, the title to any state office and in all cases where the punishment imposed is death. The court of appeals shall have general appellate jurisdiction in all cases except those within the exclusive jurisdiction of the supreme court.

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Missouri Mo. Const. Art. 5, § 4 Superior courts to control inferior courts--courts administrator, salary--reapportionment commission, appointment

The supreme court shall have general superintending control over all courts and tribunals. Each district of the court of appeals shall have general superintending control over all courts and tribunals

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in its jurisdiction. The supreme court and districts of the court of appeals may issue and determine original remedial writs. Supervisory authority over all courts is vested in the supreme court which may make appropriate delegations of this power.

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Missouri Mo. Const. Art. 5, § 13 Court of Appeals, districts, judges

The court of appeals shall be organized into separate districts, the number, not less than three, geographical boundaries, and territorial jurisdiction of which shall be prescribed by law. Each district

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of the court of appeals shall be composed of such number of judges, not less than three, as may be provided by law.

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Missouri Mo. Const. Art. 5, § 14 Circuit courts--jurisdiction--sessions

(a) The circuit courts shall have original jurisdiction over all cases and matters, civil and criminal. Such courts may issue and determine original remedial writs and shall sit at times

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and places within the circuit as determined by the circuit court.

(b) Procedures for the adjudication of small claims shall be as provided by law.

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Missouri Mo. Rev. Stat. § 477.060 Territorial jurisdiction of the southern district court of appeals

The jurisdiction of the southern district of the court of appeals shall be coextensive with the counties of Barry, Barton, Butler, Camden, Cedar, Carter, Christian, Dade, Dallas, Douglas, Greene, Howell,

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Hickory, Jasper, Laclede, Lawrence, McDonald, Newton, Ozark, Oregon, Polk, Pulaski, Phelps, Ripley, St. Clair, Shannon, Stone, Texas, Taney, Webster, Wright, Dent, Crawford, Maries, Reynolds, Iron, Wayne, Bollinger, Scott, Stoddard, Dunklin, Pemiscot, New Madrid and Mississippi.

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Missouri Mo. Rev. Stat. § 477.070 Territorial jurisdiction of the western district court of appeals

The jurisdiction of the western district of the court of appeals shall be coextensive with all the counties in the state except those embraced in the jurisdiction of the eastern

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and the southern districts of the court of appeals.

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Missouri Mo. Rev. Stat. § 477.050 Territorial jurisdiction of the eastern district court of appeals

The jurisdiction of the eastern district of the court of appeals shall be coextensive with the counties of Monroe, Shelby, Knox, Scotland, Clark, Lewis, Marion, Ralls, Pike, Lincoln, Montgomery, Warren,

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St. Charles, St. Louis, Jefferson, Ste. Genevieve, Perry, Cape Girardeau, Madison, St. Francois, Washington, Franklin, Audrain, Gasconade, Osage and the city of St. Louis.

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Missouri Mo. Rev. Stat. § 478.070 Jurisdiction of Circuit Courts

The circuit courts shall have original jurisdiction over all cases and matters, civil and criminal. Such courts may issue and determine original remedial writs.

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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 476.010 Courts of record

The supreme court of the state of Missouri, the court of appeals, and the circuit courts shall be courts of record, and shall keep just and faithful records of their

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proceedings. Notwithstanding the foregoing, municipal divisions of the circuit courts shall not be considered courts of record, regardless of whether or not a verbatim record of proceedings before the division is kept.

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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 478.001(2)-(3) Treatment court divisions, definitions, establishment, purpose--referrals to certified treatment programs required, exception--completion of treatment program, effect--adult treatment court--DWI court--family treatment court--juvenile treatment court--vet

2. A treatment court division may be established by any circuit court pursuant to sections 478.001 to 478.009 to provide an alternative for the judicial system to dispose of cases which stem

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from, or are otherwise impacted by, substance use. The treatment court division may include, but not be limited to, cases assigned to an adult treatment court, DWI court, family treatment court, juvenile treatment court, veterans treatment court, or any combination thereof. A treatment court shall combine judicial supervision, drug or alcohol testing, and treatment of participants. Except for good cause found by the court, a treatment court making a referral for substance use disorder treatment, when such program will receive state or federal funds in connection with such referral, shall refer the person only to a program which is certified by the department of mental health, unless no appropriate certified treatment program is located within the same county as the treatment court. Upon successful completion of the treatment court program, the charges, petition, or penalty against a treatment court participant may be dismissed, reduced, or modified, unless otherwise stated. Any fees received by a court from a defendant as payment for substance treatment programs shall not be considered court costs, charges or fines.

3. An adult treatment court may be established by any circuit court under sections 478.001 to 478.009 to provide an alternative for the judicial system to dispose of cases which stem from substance use.

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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 478.073(1) Circuit realignment plan authorized--judicial conference duties--effective date--minimum number of circuits--publication by the revisor

As set forth in this section, the general assembly authorizes the judicial conference of the State of Missouri, as established pursuant to section 476.320, to alter the geographical boundaries and

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territorial jurisdiction of the judicial circuits by means of a circuit realignment plan as the administration of justice may require, subject to the requirements set forth in Article V of the Constitution of Missouri.

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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 479.010 Violation of municipal ordinances, jurisdiction

Violations of municipal ordinances shall be heard and determined only before divisions of the circuit court as hereinafter provided in this chapter. “Heard and determined”, for purposes of this chapter,

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shall mean any process under which the court in question retains the final authority to make factual determinations pertaining to allegations of a municipal ordinance violation, including, but not limited to, the use of a system of administrative adjudication as provided in section 479.011, preliminary to a determination by appeal to the court in question.

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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 478.07 Jurisdiction of circuit courts

The circuit courts shall have original jurisdiction over all cases and matters, civil and criminal. Such courts may issue and determine original remedial writs.4

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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. §541.015 Jurisdiction of associate circuit judges

Associate circuit judges may hear and determine originally, with circuit judges, coextensive with their respective counties, all cases of misdemeanor and infractions as otherwise provided by law.

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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 541.02 Jurisdiction of circuit courts

Except as otherwise provided by law, the circuit courts shall have exclusive original jurisdiction in all cases of felony, misdemeanor and infractions. Except as otherwise provided by law, circuit judges

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may hear and determine originally all cases of felony, misdemeanor and infractions and may hear and determine upon a trial de novo cases of misdemeanor and infractions.

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Ohio Ohio Const. Art. IV § 1 In whom judicial power vested

The judicial power of the state is vested in a supreme court, courts of appeals, courts of common pleas and divisions thereof, and such other courts inferior to the supreme

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court as may from time to time be established by law.

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Ohio Ohio Const. Art. IV, § 2 The supreme court

(A) The Supreme Court shall, until otherwise provided by law, consist of seven judges, who shall be known as the chief justice and justices. In case of the absence or

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disability of the chief justice, the judge having the period of longest total service upon the court shall be the acting chief justice. If any member of the court shall be unable, by reason of illness, disability or disqualification, to hear, consider and decide a cause or causes, the chief justice or the acting chief justice may direct any judge of any court of appeals to sit with the judges of the supreme court in the place and stead of the absent judge. A majority of the Supreme Court shall be necessary to constitute a quorum or to render a judgment. (B)(1) The Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction in the following: (a) Quo warranto; (b)Mandamus; (c) Habeas corpus; (d) Prohibition; (e) Procedendo; (f) In any cause on review as may be necessary to its complete determination; g) Admission to the practice of law, the discipline of persons so admitted, and all other matters relating to the practice of law. 2) The supreme court shall have appellate jurisdiction as follows: (a) In appeals from the courts of appeals as a matter of right in the following: (i) Cases originating in the courts of appeals; (ii) Cases in which the death penalty has been affirmed; (iii) Cases involving questions arising under the constitution of the United States or of this state. (b) In appeals from the courts of appeals in cases of felony on leave first obtained, (c) In direct appeals from the courts of common pleas or other courts of record inferior to the court of appeals as a matter of right in cases in which the death penalty has been imposed; (d) Such revisory jurisdiction of the proceedings of administrative officers or agencies as may be conferred by law; (e) In cases of public or great general interest, the supreme court may direct any court of appeals to certify its record to the supreme court, and may review and affirm, modify, or reverse the judgment of the court of appeals; (f) The Supreme Court shall review and affirm, modify, or reverse the judgment in any case certified by any court of appeals pursuant to section 3(B)(4) of this article.(3) No law shall be passed or rule made whereby any person shall be prevented from invoking the original jurisdiction of the supreme court. (C) The decisions in all cases in the Supreme Court shall be reported, together with the reasons therefor.

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Ohio Ohio Const. Art. IV, § 4 Common pleas court

(A) There shall be a court of common pleas and such divisions thereof as may be established by law serving each county of the state. Any judge of a court of

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common pleas or a division thereof may temporarily hold court in any county. In the interests of the fair, impartial, speedy, and sure administration of justice, each county shall have one or more resident judges, or two or more counties may be combined into districts having one or more judges resident in the district and serving the common pleas courts of all counties in the district, as may be provided by law. Judges serving a district shall sit in each county in the district as the business of the court requires. In counties or districts having more than one judge of the court of common pleas, the judges shall select one of their number to act as presiding judge, to serve at their pleasure. If the judges are unable because of equal division of the vote to make such selection, the judge having the longest total service on the court of common pleas shall serve as presiding judge until selection is made by vote. The presiding judge shall have such duties and exercise such powers as are prescribed by rule of the supreme court.

(B) The courts of common pleas and divisions thereof shall have such original jurisdiction over all justiciable matters and such powers of review of proceedings of administrative officers and agencies as may be provided by law.

(C) Unless otherwise provided by law, there shall be a probate division and such other divisions of the courts of common pleas as may be provided by law. Judges shall be elected specifically to such probate division and to such other divisions. The judges of the probate division shall be empowered to employ and control the clerks, employees, deputies, and referees of such probate division of the common pleas courts.

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