Below are all of the laws that govern the structure of courts that match your search criteria.

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Alabama Ala.Code 1975 § 12-2-7 Supreme court - jurisdiction
(1) To exercise appellate jurisdiction coextensive with the state, under such restrictions and regulations as are prescribed by law; but, in deciding appeals, no weight shall be given the decision
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of the trial judge upon the facts where the evidence is not taken orally before the judge, but in such cases the Supreme Court shall weigh the evidence and give judgment as it deems just.(2) To exercise original jurisdiction in the issue and determination of writs of quo warranto and mandamus in relation to matters in which no other court has jurisdiction. (3) To issue writs of injunction, habeas corpus, and such other remedial and original writs as are necessary to give to it a general superintendence and control of courts of inferior jurisdiction. (4) To make and promulgate rules governing the administration of all courts and rules governing practice and procedure in all courts; provided, that such rules shall not abridge, enlarge, or modify the substantive right of any party nor affect the jurisdiction of circuit and district courts or venue of actions therein; and provided further, that the right of trial by jury as at common law and declared by Section 11 of the Constitution of Alabama of 1901 shall be preserved to the parties inviolate. (5) To punish for contempts by the infliction of a fine not exceeding $100, and imprisonment not exceeding 10 days or both. (6) To transfer to the Court of Civil Appeals, for determination by that court, any civil case appealed to the Supreme Court and within the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court, except the following: a. A case that the Supreme Court determines presents a substantial question of federal or state constitutional law. b. A case that the Supreme Court determines involves a novel legal question, the resolution of which will have significant statewide impact. c. A utility rate case appealed directly to the Supreme Court under the provisions of Section 37-1-140. d. A bond validation proceeding appealed to the Supreme Court under the provisions of Section 6-6-754. e. A bar disciplinary proceeding. (7) To exercise such other powers as are or may be given to the Supreme Court by law.
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Alabama Ala.Code 1975 § 12-11-30 Circuit court - jurisdiction
(1) CIVIL. The circuit court shall have exclusive original jurisdiction of all civil actions in which the matter in controversy exceeds ten thousand dollars ($10,000), exclusive of interest and costs,
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and shall exercise original jurisdiction concurrent with the district court in all civil actions in which the matter in controversy exceeds six thousand dollars ($6,000), exclusive of interest and costs.(2) CRIMINAL. The circuit court shall have exclusive original jurisdiction of all felony prosecutions and of misdemeanor or ordinance violations which are lesser included offenses within a felony charge or which arise from the same incident as a felony charge; except, that the district court shall have concurrent jurisdiction with the circuit court to receive pleas of guilty in felony cases not punishable by sentence of death. The circuit court may, on conviction of a defendant, upon a showing of inability to make immediate payment of fine and costs, continue the case from time to time to permit the fine and costs to be paid. (3) APPELLATE. The circuit court shall have appellate jurisdiction of civil, criminal, and juvenile cases in district court and prosecutions for ordinance violations in municipal courts, except in cases in which direct appeal to the Courts of Civil or Criminal Appeals is provided by law or rule. Appeals to the circuit court shall be tried de novo, with or without a jury, as provided by law. (4) SUPERINTENDENCE OF DISTRICT, MUNICIPAL AND PROBATE COURTS. The circuit court shall exercise a general superintendence over all district courts, municipal courts, and probate courts. (5) CONTEMPTS. The circuit court may punish contempts by fines not exceeding one hundred dollars ($100) and by imprisonment not exceeding five days. The power of the circuit court to enforce its orders and judgments by determinations of civil contempt shall be unaffected by this section. (6) GENERAL. The circuit court shall have other powers as provided by law.
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Alabama Ala.Code 1975 § 12-12-34 Juvenile jurisdiction Juvenile jurisdiction shall be exercised concurrently by the district court and the circuit court as provided by law. Jurisdiction of the courts
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Alabama Ala.Code 1975 § 12-12-51 District court - jurisdiction over misdemeanor prosecution for traffic violations The district court shall have exclusive original jurisdiction of misdemeanor prosecutions for traffic infractions, except ordinance infractions prosecuted in municipal courts. Jurisdiction of the courts
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Alabama Ala.Code 1975 § 12-3-9 Criminal jurisdiction

The Court of Criminal Appeals shall have exclusive appellate jurisdiction of all misdemeanors, including the violation of town and city ordinances, habeas corpus and all felonies, including all post conviction

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writs in criminal cases.

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Alabama Ala.Code 1975 § 12-12-32 Misdemeanors (District court - jurisdiction)

(a) Misdemeanors. The district court shall have exclusive original trial jurisdiction over prosecutions of all offenses defined by law or ordinance as misdemeanors, except:(1) Prosecutions by municipalities having municipal courts;

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(2) Any such prosecution which also involves a felony offense which is within the exclusive jurisdiction of the circuit court, except as the district court is empowered to hold preliminary hearings with respect to felonies and to receive guilty pleas as provided in subsection (b) of this section; and (3) Any misdemeanor for which an indictment has been returned by a grand jury. (b) Felonies. (1) The district court may exercise original jurisdiction concurrent with the circuit court to receive pleas of guilty in prosecutions of offenses defined by law as felonies not punishable by sentence of death. (2) The district court shall have jurisdiction to hold preliminary hearings in prosecutions for felonies as provided for in Title 15 of this code .

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Alabama Ala.Code 1975 § 12-23A-4(a)(1) Drug court - establishment of

The presiding judge of each judicial circuit, with the consent of the district attorney of that judicial circuit, may establish a drug court or courts, under which drug offenders shall

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be processed, to appropriately address the identified substance abuse problem of the drug offender as a condition of pretrial release, pretrial diversion, probation, jail, prison, parole, community corrections, or other release or diversion from a correctional facility. The structure, method, and operation of each drug court may differ and should be based upon the specific needs of and resources available to the judicial district or circuit where the drug court is located, but shall be created and operate pursuant to this chapter and in compliance with rules promulgated by the Alabama Supreme Court.

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Arkansas Ark. Const. Amend. 80, § 2 Supreme Court

(A) The Supreme Court shall be composed of seven Justices, one of whom shall serve as Chief Justice. The Justices of the Supreme Court shall be selected from the State

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at large.(B) The Chief Justice shall be selected for that position in the same manner as the other Justices are selected. During any temporary period of absence or incapacity of the Chief Justice, an acting Chief Justice shall be selected by the Court from among the remaining justices. (C) The concurrence of at least four justices shall be required for a decision in all cases. (D) The Supreme Court shall have: (1) Statewide appellate jurisdiction; (2) Original jurisdiction to issue writs of quo warrantor to all persons holding judicial office, and to officers of political corporations when the question involved is the legal existence of such corporations; (3) Original jurisdiction to answer questions of state law certified by a court of the United States, which may be exercised pursuant to Supreme Court rule; (4) Original jurisdiction to determine sufficiency of state initiative and referendum petitions and proposed constitutional amendments; and (5) Only such other original jurisdiction as provided by this Constitution. (E) The Supreme Court shall have power to issue and determine any and all writs necessary in aid of its jurisdiction and to delegate to its several justices the power to issue such writs. (F) The Supreme Court shall appoint its clerk and reporter. (G) The sessions of the Supreme Court shall be held at such times and places as may be adopted by Supreme Court rule.

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Arkansas Ark. Const. Art. 7, § 28 County Courts -- Jurisdiction -- Single Judge Holding Court

The County Courts shall have exclusive original jurisdiction in all matters relating to county taxes, roads, bridges, ferries, paupers, bastardy, vagrants, the apprenticeship of minors, the disbursement of money for

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county purposes, and in every other case that may be necessary to the internal improvement and local concerns of the respective counties. The County Court shall be held by one judge, except in cases otherwise herein provided.

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Arkansas Ark. Const. Art. 7, § 33 Appeals From County and Common Pleas Courts

Appeals from all judgments of County Courts or Courts of Common Pleas, when established, may be taken to the Circuit Court under such restrictions and regulations as may be prescribed

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by law.

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Arkansas Ark. Const. Amend. 80, § 5 Court of Appeals

There shall be a Court of Appeals which may have divisions thereof as established by Supreme Court rule. The Court of Appeals shall have such appellate jurisdiction as the Supreme

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Court shall by rule determine and shall be subject to the general superintending control of the Supreme Court. Judges of the Court of Appeals shall have the same qualifications as Justices of the Supreme Court.

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Arkansas Ark. Const. Amend. 80, § 6 Circuit Courts

(A) Circuit Courts are established as the trial courts of original jurisdiction of all justiciable matters not otherwise assigned pursuant to this Constitution.(B) Subject to the superintending control of the

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Supreme Court, the Judges of a Circuit Court may divide that Circuit Court into subject matter divisions, and any Circuit Judge within the Circuit may sit in any division. (C) Circuit Judges may temporarily exchange circuits by joint order. Any Circuit Judge who consents may be assigned to another circuit for temporary service under rules adopted by the Supreme Court. (D) The Circuit Courts shall hold their sessions in each county at such times and places as are, or may be, prescribed by law.

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Arkansas Ark. Const. Amend. 80, § 7 District Courts

(A) District Courts are established as the trial courts of limited jurisdiction as to amount and subject matter, subject to the right of appeal to Circuit Courts for a trial

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de novo.(B) The jurisdictional amount and the subject matter of civil cases that may be heard in the District Courts shall be established by Supreme Court rule. District Courts shall have original jurisdiction, concurrent with Circuit Courts, of misdemeanors, and shall also have such other criminal jurisdiction as may be provided pursuant to Section 10 of this Amendment. (C) There shall be at least one District Court in each county. If there is only one District Court in a county, it shall have county-wide jurisdiction. Fines and penalties received by the district court shall continue to be distributed in the manner provided by current law, unless and until the General Assembly shall establish a new method of distribution. (D) A District Judge may serve in one or more counties. Subject to the superintending control of the Supreme Court, the Judges of a District Court may divide that District Court into subject matter divisions, and any District Judge within the district may sit in any division. (E) District Judges may temporarily exchange districts by joint order. Any District Judge who consents may be assigned to another district for temporary service under rules adopted by the Supreme Court.

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Arkansas Ark. Const. Amend. 80, § 10 Jurisdiction, Venue, Circuits, Districts and Number of Judges

The General Assembly shall have the power to establish jurisdiction of all courts and venue of all actions therein, unless otherwise provided in this Constitution, and the power to establish

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judicial circuits and districts and the number of judges for Circuit Courts and District Courts, provided such circuits or districts are comprised of contiguous territories.

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Arkansas Ark. Const. Art. 8, § 5 Mandamus to Compel Board of Apportionment to Act

Original jurisdiction (to be exercised on application of any citizens and taxpayers) is hereby vested in the Supreme Court of the State (a) to compel (by mandamus or otherwise) the

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board to perform its duties as here directed and (b) to revise any arbitrary action of or abuse of discretion by the board in making such apportionment; provided any such application for revision shall be filed with said Court within 30 days after the filing of the report of apportionment by said board with the Secretary of State; if revised by the court, a certified copy of its judgment shall be by the clerk thereof forthwith transmitted to the Secretary of State, and thereupon be and become a substitute for the apportionment made by the board.

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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 16-12-104 Authority of Court

The Court of Appeals shall have authority to issue any writs, directives, orders, and mandates that are appropriate, and only those that are appropriate, for the determination of cases within

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its jurisdiction.

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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 16-17-102(a);(c) Exchange of Jurisdiction by District Court Judges

(a) District judges may temporarily exchange districts by joint order entered of record in their respective courts. They may hold court for each other for such length of time as

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may seem practicable and for the best interest of their respective courts. (b) District judges exchanging jurisdictional authority or districts shall have the same power or authority, holding courts for each other, as the district judge for the district in which the court or courts shall be held.

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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 16-19-401 Jurisdiction in Townships Having a Municipal Court

a) Justices of the peace in the townships subject to this act shall have original jurisdiction coextensive with the county.(b) The jurisdiction of justices of the peace shall be:(1) Concurrent

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with the municipal courts and exclusive of the circuit court in all matters of contract where the amount in controversy does not exceed the sum of one hundred dollars ($100), excluding interest;(2) Concurrent with the municipal courts and with the circuit court in matters of contract where the amount in controversy does not exceed the sum of three hundred dollars ($300), exclusive of interest;(3) Concurrent with the municipal courts and with the circuit court in suits for the recovery of personal property where the value of the property does not exceed the sum of three hundred dollars ($300);(4) Concurrent with the municipal courts and with the circuit court in all matters of damage to personal property where the amount in controversy does not exceed the sum of one hundred dollars ($100).(c) Justices of the peace in townships subject to this act shall also have jurisdiction to sit as examining courts and commit, discharge, or recognize offenders to the court having jurisdiction for further trial, and to bind persons to keep the peace or for good behavior, and for purposes set out in this section they shall have power to issue all necessary process.

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Arkansas Ark. Code Ann. § 16-98-303(a)(1)-(3) Drug Courts Program Authorized

(a)(1) Each judicial district of this state is authorized to establish a drug court program under this subchapter.(2) A drug court established under this subchapter shall be approved under §

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16-10-139.(3)(A) A drug court program may be preadjudication or postadjudication for an adult offender or a juvenile offender.

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Arkansas A.C.A. § 3-2-301 Circuit Judges -- Appointment of Temporary Officers and Special Prosecutors

(a)  The circuit judges of this state are declared to be primarily responsible for the enforcement of laws against the unlawful manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquors. (b) (1)  Circuit judges are given

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authority to appoint an officer of the court in lieu of the sheriff to act temporarily and in cases specially designated in the enforcing of any of the laws when the circuit judge becomes convinced that the sheriff is for any cause neglecting his or her duties under the law imposed upon him or her. (2)  The compensation and expenses of such temporary officer shall be fixed by the judge making the appointment and shall be ordered paid by the judge out of an appropriation hereafter made. A certified copy of the judgment of the court fixing the compensation and expenses shall be sufficient authority for the Auditor of State to draw a voucher in payment of the compensation and expenses and of the Treasurer of State to pay a warrant when presented. The voucher shall be preaudited as other claims against the state. (c) (1)  Whenever the circuit judge becomes convinced that any prosecuting attorney is not performing his or her full duty with respect to the enforcement of the laws against the unlawful manufacture or sale of intoxicating liquors, he or she shall have authority to appoint a special prosecutor who shall be an attorney learned in the law and with at least ten (10) years' experience in the actual practice of law. (2)  The special prosecutor shall proceed to investigate and prosecute such cases as may be called to his or her attention by the circuit judge. (3)  The compensation and expenses of the special prosecutor shall be fixed by the circuit court and paid out of the fund hereafter appropriated. The order of the circuit judge fixing the compensation and expenses of the special prosecutor shall be sufficient authority upon which the Auditor of State may issue a voucher in payment thereof and of the Treasurer of State to pay a warrant when presented. The voucher shall be preaudited as other claims against the state. (d)  The temporary appointees in place of the sheriffs and the special prosecutors shall have all of the powers and authorities designated by law in the persons whom they are appointed to succeed.

Jurisdiction of the courts