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Alabama ARCrP Rule 6.3 Indigence - definition
(a) DEFINITION. The term “indigent,” as used in these rules, means a person who is financially unable to pay for his or her defense.(b) AFFIDAVIT OF SUBSTANTIAL HARDSHIP. A defendant
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desiring to proceed as an indigent shall complete under oath an affidavit of substantial hardship concerning his or her financial resources and may also be examined under oath regarding his or her financial resources by the court responsible for determining indigency. The defendant shall be advised of the penalties for perjury as provided by law. (c) RECONSIDERATION. If, after an initial determination of indigency or nonindigency, there has been a material change in circumstances or new information concerning a defendant's financial status becomes available, either the defendant requesting appointment of counsel, the defendant's appointed attorney, or the prosecutor may move for reconsideration of the defendant's financial status.
Ability to pay
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Alabama ARCrP Rule 26.11 Imposition of restitution
(a) IMPOSITION OF RESTITUTION. Restitution should be ordered in all cases where a victim has been injured or damaged. The financial resources and obligations of the defendant and the burden
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that payment of restitution will impose should be considered in determining how much restitution is to be paid or collected, i.e., whether to be paid by installments and what length of time should be given for payment.(b) IMPOSITION OF FINE. If the court is given authority to impose a fine, in determining whether to impose a fine, the court should consider: (1) Whether there are particular reasons which make a fine appropriate as punishment for the defendant; (2) The financial resources and obligations of the defendant and the burden that payment of a fine will impose; (3) The ability of the defendant to pay a fine forthwith on an installment basis or on other conditions to be fixed by the court; (4) The extent to which payment of a fine will interfere with the ability of the defendant to make restitution or reparation to the victim of the crime; and (5) The amount of gain derived by the defendant or loss sustained by the victim as a result of defendant's commission of the offense, which amount shall be determined by the court from evidence presented at the sentence hearing if not stipulated by the parties. (c) IMPOSITION OF COSTS. Docket fees and other costs in criminal cases shall be assessed upon conviction. (d) DEFERRED AND INSTALLMENT PAYMENTS. If the defendant cannot pay the costs, fine, and/or restitution immediately after pronouncement of the sentence as preferred, the court may permit payment of the costs, fine, and/or restitution, at some later date, or in specified installments. (e) TO WHOM PAYMENT IS TO BE MADE. The payment of fines, costs, and monetary restitution shall be made to the clerk of the court, unless the court expressly directs otherwise. (f) ACTION UPON FAILURE TO PAY FINE OR RESTITUTION. (1) Defendants Not on Probation. If a defendant not on probation fails to pay a fine or restitution, or any installment thereof, within the prescribed time, the clerk shall notify the district attorney and the court. (2) Defendants on Probation. If a defendant on probation fails to pay a fine or restitution, or any installment thereof, within the prescribed time, the clerk shall give notice of such delinquency to defendant's probation officer. (3) When Payment Is to Be Made to Persons Other than the Clerk. Whether or not the defendant is on probation, if the payment is to be made to someone other than the clerk, the person to whom payment is to be made shall notify the probation officer (if the defendant is on probation) or the court (if the defendant is not on probation) of the defendant's failure to pay. (g) INQUIRY INTO DEFENDANT'S ABILITY TO PAY FINE OR RESTITUTION. If a defendant fails to pay a fine or restitution as directed, the court may inquire and cause an investigation to be made into the defendant's financial, employment, and family standing, and the reasons for nonpayment of the fine and/or restitution, including whether nonpayment of the fine and/or restitution was contumacious or due to indigency. (h) REMEDIES FOR NONPAYMENT OF FINE OR RESTITUTION. If the defendant fails to pay a fine and/or restitution, the court may: (1) Reduce the fine to an amount the defendant is able to pay; (2) Continue or modify the schedule of payments of the fine and/or restitution; (3) Direct that the defendant be incarcerated until the unpaid fine and/or restitution, or any portion thereof, is paid, subject, however, to section (i) of this rule; (4) Order an employer to withhold amounts from wages to pay fines and/or restitution; or (5) Release the defendant from obligation to pay the fine. (i) INCARCERATION FOR NONPAYMENT OF FINE OR RESTITUTION. (1) Incarceration shall not automatically follow the nonpayment of a fine or restitution. Incarceration should be employed only after the court has examined the reasons for nonpayment. After consideration of the defendant's situation, means, and conduct with regard to the nonpayment of the fine and/or restitution, the court shall determine the period of any incarceration in default of payment of the fine and/or restitution, subject to the following limitations: (i) In no event shall such period of incarceration exceed one (1) day for each fifteen dollars ($15.00) of the fine. (ii) If the fine was imposed in connection with a felony, the period of incarceration may not exceed one (1) year. (iii) If the fine was imposed in connection with a misdemeanor or municipal ordinance violation, the period of incarceration may not exceed one-third ( ⅓ ) of the maximum term of incarceration authorized for the offense. (iv) If, at the time the fine was imposed or the restitution was ordered, a sentence of incarceration was also imposed, the aggregate of the period of incarceration imposed pursuant to this rule and the term of the sentence originally imposed may not exceed the maximum term of imprisonment authorized for the offense. (2) In no case shall an indigent defendant be incarcerated for inability to pay a fine or court costs or restitution. (3) If the court orders a defendant to pay a fine and/or restitution imposed as a result of a traffic infraction, the court may suspend the defendant's privilege to operate a motor vehicle in this state upon a failure of the defendant to comply with the order of the court. If the defendant's privilege to operate a motor vehicle has been suspended for failure to comply with such court order, the privilege may remain suspended until the total amount of the fine and/or restitution imposed is paid. (j) COLLECTION OF COSTS. Court costs shall be deemed part of the penalty and the same procedures provided herein for nonpayment of fines shall apply for nonpayment of costs. (k) EXECUTION FOR FINE AND COSTS. If the fine or court costs are not discharged by payment or by service of a period of incarceration in default of the fine or court costs and if restitution is not discharged, the clerk may issue execution for the fine, restitution, and costs adjudged, or any portion remaining unpaid. The district attorney, or the county or municipal attorney, as applicable, shall institute appropriate proceedings or take necessary action to collect unpaid fines, restitution, and costs. Editors' Notes
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Alabama ARCrP Rule 28 Records and evidence All records and evidence of the proceedings must be retained according to the records retention schedule approved by the Alabama Supreme Court. Transparency
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Alabama ARCrP Rule 26.11 Imposition of restitution
(a) IMPOSITION OF RESTITUTION. Restitution should be ordered in all cases where a victim has been injured or damaged. The financial resources and obligations of the defendant and the burden
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that payment of restitution will impose should be considered in determining how much restitution is to be paid or collected, i.e., whether to be paid by installments and what length of time should be given for payment.(b) IMPOSITION OF FINE. If the court is given authority to impose a fine, in determining whether to impose a fine, the court should consider: (1) Whether there are particular reasons which make a fine appropriate as punishment for the defendant; (2) The financial resources and obligations of the defendant and the burden that payment of a fine will impose; (3) The ability of the defendant to pay a fine forthwith on an installment basis or on other conditions to be fixed by the court; (4) The extent to which payment of a fine will interfere with the ability of the defendant to make restitution or reparation to the victim of the crime; and (5) The amount of gain derived by the defendant or loss sustained by the victim as a result of defendant's commission of the offense, which amount shall be determined by the court from evidence presented at the sentence hearing if not stipulated by the parties. (c) IMPOSITION OF COSTS. Docket fees and other costs in criminal cases shall be assessed upon conviction. (d) DEFERRED AND INSTALLMENT PAYMENTS. If the defendant cannot pay the costs, fine, and/or restitution immediately after pronouncement of the sentence as preferred, the court may permit payment of the costs, fine, and/or restitution, at some later date, or in specified installments. (e) TO WHOM PAYMENT IS TO BE MADE. The payment of fines, costs, and monetary restitution shall be made to the clerk of the court, unless the court expressly directs otherwise. (f) ACTION UPON FAILURE TO PAY FINE OR RESTITUTION. (1) Defendants Not on Probation. If a defendant not on probation fails to pay a fine or restitution, or any installment thereof, within the prescribed time, the clerk shall notify the district attorney and the court. (2) Defendants on Probation. If a defendant on probation fails to pay a fine or restitution, or any installment thereof, within the prescribed time, the clerk shall give notice of such delinquency to defendant's probation officer. (3) When Payment Is to Be Made to Persons Other than the Clerk. Whether or not the defendant is on probation, if the payment is to be made to someone other than the clerk, the person to whom payment is to be made shall notify the probation officer (if the defendant is on probation) or the court (if the defendant is not on probation) of the defendant's failure to pay. (g) INQUIRY INTO DEFENDANT'S ABILITY TO PAY FINE OR RESTITUTION. If a defendant fails to pay a fine or restitution as directed, the court may inquire and cause an investigation to be made into the defendant's financial, employment, and family standing, and the reasons for nonpayment of the fine and/or restitution, including whether nonpayment of the fine and/or restitution was contumacious or due to indigency. (h) REMEDIES FOR NONPAYMENT OF FINE OR RESTITUTION. If the defendant fails to pay a fine and/or restitution, the court may: (1) Reduce the fine to an amount the defendant is able to pay; (2) Continue or modify the schedule of payments of the fine and/or restitution; (3) Direct that the defendant be incarcerated until the unpaid fine and/or restitution, or any portion thereof, is paid, subject, however, to section (i) of this rule; (4) Order an employer to withhold amounts from wages to pay fines and/or restitution; or (5) Release the defendant from obligation to pay the fine. (i) INCARCERATION FOR NONPAYMENT OF FINE OR RESTITUTION. (1) Incarceration shall not automatically follow the nonpayment of a fine or restitution. Incarceration should be employed only after the court has examined the reasons for nonpayment. After consideration of the defendant's situation, means, and conduct with regard to the nonpayment of the fine and/or restitution, the court shall determine the period of any incarceration in default of payment of the fine and/or restitution, subject to the following limitations: (i) In no event shall such period of incarceration exceed one (1) day for each fifteen dollars ($15.00) of the fine. (ii) If the fine was imposed in connection with a felony, the period of incarceration may not exceed one (1) year. (iii) If the fine was imposed in connection with a misdemeanor or municipal ordinance violation, the period of incarceration may not exceed one-third ( ⅓ ) of the maximum term of incarceration authorized for the offense. (iv) If, at the time the fine was imposed or the restitution was ordered, a sentence of incarceration was also imposed, the aggregate of the period of incarceration imposed pursuant to this rule and the term of the sentence originally imposed may not exceed the maximum term of imprisonment authorized for the offense. (2) In no case shall an indigent defendant be incarcerated for inability to pay a fine or court costs or restitution. (3) If the court orders a defendant to pay a fine and/or restitution imposed as a result of a traffic infraction, the court may suspend the defendant's privilege to operate a motor vehicle in this state upon a failure of the defendant to comply with the order of the court. If the defendant's privilege to operate a motor vehicle has been suspended for failure to comply with such court order, the privilege may remain suspended until the total amount of the fine and/or restitution imposed is paid. (j) COLLECTION OF COSTS. Court costs shall be deemed part of the penalty and the same procedures provided herein for nonpayment of fines shall apply for nonpayment of costs. (k) EXECUTION FOR FINE AND COSTS. If the fine or court costs are not discharged by payment or by service of a period of incarceration in default of the fine or court costs and if restitution is not discharged, the clerk may issue execution for the fine, restitution, and costs adjudged, or any portion remaining unpaid. The district attorney, or the county or municipal attorney, as applicable, shall institute appropriate proceedings or take necessary action to collect unpaid fines, restitution, and costs. Editors' Notes
Enforcement
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New Mexico N.M. R. Cr. P. Mag. Ct. 6-801 Magistrate court - modification of fines and fees
The magistrate court may modify but not increase a sentence or fine at any time during the maximum period for which incarceration could have been imposed. No sentence shall be
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modified without prior notification to all parties and a hearing thereon. No sentence shall be modified while the appeal is pending. Changing a sentence from incarceration to probation constitutes a permissible reduction of sentence under this rule. No judgment of conviction shall be changed. No fine paid shall be ordered returned.
Fines and fees
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North Dakota N.D.R.Crim.P. 1 Scope and Exceptions (4) Other Proceedings. These rules do not apply to: . . . (C) the collection of fines and penalties; Fines and fees
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North Dakota N.D.R.Crim.P. 11 Pleas
(1) The court may not accept a plea of guilty without first, by addressing the defendant personally [except as provided in Rule 43(b)] in open court, informing the defendant of
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and determining that the defendant understands the following: . . . (G) any maximum possible penalty, including imprisonment, fine, and mandatory fee;
Fines and fees
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North Dakota N.D.R.Crim.P. 38 Stay of Execution and Relief Pending Review
(b) Fine. If the defendant appeals, the court may stay a sentence to pay a fine, fee or costs. The court may stay the sentence on any terms considered appropriate
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and may require the defendant to: (1) deposit all or part of the fine, fee or costs with the clerk; (2) post a bond to pay the fine, fee or costs; or (3) submit to an examination concerning the defendant's assets and, if appropriate, order the defendant to refrain from dissipating assets.
Fines and fees
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Wyoming Wyo. Ct. R. 1 Costs and fees in criminal actions.
(a) Circuit courts shall collect for every criminal/traffic charge (count) for which aconviction results unless otherwise specifically excepted by statute or court rule, costs in the sum of $20.00 which shall
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be assessed as part of the sentence. In addition, for every criminal/traffic charge (count) for which a conviction results unless otherwise specifically excepted by statute or court rule, a fee of $20.00 shall be imposed, $10.00 of which shall be deposited into the judicial systems automation account established by W.S. § 5-2-120 and $10.00 of which shall be deposited into the indigent civil legal services account established by W.S. § 5-2-121. (b) For every charge (count) the court shall impose the costs and fees provided for under paragraph (a) above, and the victim’s compensation fee as required by W.S. § 1-40-119, unless the court determines the defendant has an inability to pay and that no reasonable probability exists that the defendant will have an ability to pay. (Amended August 13, 2002, effective September 1, 2002; amended December 17, 2002, effective January 1, 2003; amended May 25, 2010, effective July 1, 2010.)
Fines and fees
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Wyoming Wyo. Ct. R. 7 Over Payments In the case of over payments, a refund need not be made unless the over payment exceeds $10.00. Fines and fees
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Wyoming Wyo. Ct. R. 2 Municipal Courts
(a) Costs and fees assessed and collected in municipal courts shall be fixed by ordinance in each city and town but costs shall not exceed $10.00. Such costs shall be remitted
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to the city or town treasurer. By ordinance, a city or town may prescribe either a court automation fee of $10.00 or an indigent civil legal services fee of $10.00 or both as a cost to be paid by every person guilty of a violation of a city or town ordinance, and if so prescribed those fees shall be remitted to the judicial systems automation account established by W.S. § 5-2-120 and the indigent civil legal services account established by W.S. § 5-2-121. (b) Record check requests. All requests for a record check shall be submitted in writing by the applicant. Response to the request for a record check shall be made by the court in writing as soon as practicable after the written request is received by the court. The fee for checking municipal court records shall be ten dollars ($10.00). Payment of the $10.00 fee for each record check shall be made in cash or check payable to the court. No charge shall be made for checking municipal court records if requested by an employee of a governmental agency. Any request for copies of documents shall be billed separately above and beyond any fee charged as set forth herein. This rule and the charge provided only applies to services required from court personnel to check and/or abstract court records. This rule has no application to the personal examination of any court records including indexes by any individual desiring information from these public records.
Fines and fees
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Wyoming Wyo. R GOV ACCESS CT REC R. 6 Court Records Not Available for Public Access
Public access to court records may be prohibited by statute, administrative rule, court rule, or court order. The below list serves as a partial list of the public access restrictions:
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(a) Records listed in Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 16-4-203(b) and (d).(b) Adoption and confidential intermediary records pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. §§ 1-22-104(d), (e), and 1-22-203(c). (c) Attorney discipline records pursuant to Disciplinary Code §§ 5 and 12(h) and Lawyers' Assistance Committee Rule 4C. (d) Mediation proceeding records pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-43-102 and agricultural mediation services records pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 11-41-106. (e) Domestic violence protection order petitioners' and their children's identifying information pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 35-21-105(e). (f) Grand jury records pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. §§ 7-5-207, 7-5-208, and 7-5-308. (g) Guardianships and conservatorships records pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 3-1-110(a) and § 16-4-203(b) and (d). (h) Involuntary commitment records pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 25-10-122. (i) Records from child abuse and neglect proceedings, including but not limited to records of the multidisciplinary team, pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. §§ 14-3-424, 14-3-427(g), 14-3-437, and 14-3-439, except any order for payment of support and treatment that is not confidential pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 14-3-435. (j) Records related to juvenile justice proceedings in the district court, including but not limited to records of the multidisciplinary team, pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. §§ 14-6-203(g) and (j), 14-6-227(g), 14-6-239, and 14-6-240, except any order for payment of support and treatment that is not confidential pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 14-6-236. (k) Records related to children in need of supervision proceedings, including but not limited to records of the multidisciplinary team pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. §§ 14-6-437 and 14-6-427, except any order for payment of support and treatment that is not confidential pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 14-6-435. (l) Presentence investigation reports pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 7-13-409. (m) Search warrant applications and affidavits until served and returned, pursuant to W.R.Cr.P. 41(i). (n) Discovery material or other items submitted to a court for in camera review. (o) Trial juror addresses, qualification forms, and questionnaires, except to the parties in the case, if disclosure is restricted or prohibited by the court. (p) Mental health and counseling records pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. §§ 33-27-123, 33-38-113, 9-2-125, and 9-2-126. (q) Substance abuse evaluation reports pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. §§ 9-2-125 and 16-4-203(d)(i). (r) Records sealed by a court. (s) Sexual assault victim's identifying information prior to filing of the information or indictment in district court, and minor sexual assault victim's name pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 6-2-319(a) and (b). (t) Medical records pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 16-4-203(d)(i). (u) Crime victim's compensation application pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-40-107(d). (v) Probation counselor case records pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 5-3-504(b). (w) Court supervised treatment program information pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 7-13-1610. (x) Criminal history record information pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 7-19-106. (y) Sex offender registration information pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 7-19-303(b). (z) Administrative subpoena information regarding child exploitation investigations pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 9-1-640(j), unless in connection with a criminal case related to the subpoenaed materials. (aa) Genetic testing information pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 14-2-710(c). (bb) Parentage adjudication information pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 14-2-819, other than the final judgment. (cc) Child abuse and neglect information pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 14-3-214. (dd) Domestic relations financial affidavits and records pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 20-2-308(d). (ee) Motor vehicle accident reports pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. §§ 31-5-1110 and 1111. (ff) Adult protective services information pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 35-20-112(a) and (b). (gg) Confidential fair market value information in eminent domain proceedings pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-26-704(d). (hh) Sexual assault victim medical examination information and reports pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 6-2-309(m). (ii) Sexually transmitted disease examination information and reports pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 7-1-109(f). (jj) Patient records from the Wyoming Life Resources Center pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 25-5-131. (kk) Coroner's records, including toxicology reports, photographs, video recordings or audio recordings made at the scene of the death or made in the course of postmortem examinations pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 7-4-105. Any party or other person making a filing in a case, wherein it is necessary to attach documents that are prohibited for public release by statute, administrative rule, court rule, or court order, shall make that filing a redacted filing in accordance with Rule 7, herein.
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Wyoming WY R GOV ACCESS CT REC R. 4 When Court Records May be Accessed
Court records shall be available for public access in the court facilities where the records are kept, during regular business hours. Upon receiving a request for access to court records,
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the custodian shall respond within a reasonable time regarding the availability of the records, and shall provide or deny access thereto within a reasonable time. Court records shall be provided at a time and in a manner that does not unreasonably interfere with other business of the courts. Electronic records to which the court allows remote access shall be available for public access at any time, subject to normal system maintenance and unexpected technical failures.
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Wyoming W.R. Cr. P. Rule 32.1 Offender Payments and Restitution
The clerk of court shall use the following prioritized order when distributing offender payments and restitution: 1. Crime Victims Compensation Surcharge (Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 1-40-119) 2. Judicial Systems Automation Fee (Wyo. Stat. Ann.
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§ 5-2-120) 3. Indigent Civil Legal Services Fee (Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 5-2-121)4. Restitution as follows: a) Restitution payments received by a court shall be forwarded to the third party whenever the court has received funds totaling $25 or more. Nothing in this rule shall be construed as to limit any number of additional payments the clerks may choose to make. b) If there are multiple victims in a case, the clerk shall pay out to each victim in equal amounts, but may hold those monies until the clerk has received funds totaling $25 per victim. c) If six months between restitution payments have lapsed, the clerk shall pay out in equal amounts the remainder of monies held. 5. Drug Court Surcharge (Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 7-13-1616) 6. Court costs 7. Fines 8. Fees (in the following order, including but not limited to: public defender fee, prosecution fee, addicted offender fee, probation fee, jail costs, extradition fee, and other fees). 9. Contempt.
Revenue flow