Transparency

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State Statute Description/Statute Name Statutory language Type of obligation Actor
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California Cal. Rules of Court 4.320 Records of criminal convictions
In addition to the information that the Department of Justice requires from courts under Penal Code section 13151, each trial court must also report, electronically or manually, the following information,
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in the form and manner specified by the Department of Justice:(1) Whether the defendant was represented by counsel or waived the right to counsel; and(2) In the case of a guilty or nolo contendere plea, whether:(A) The defendant was advised of and understood the charges;(B) The defendant was advised of, understood, and waived the right to a jury trial, the right to confront witnesses, and the privilege against self-incrimination; and(C) The court found the plea was voluntary and intelligently made. For purposes of this rule, a change of plea form signed by the defendant, defense counsel if the defendant was represented by counsel, and the judge, and filed with the court is a sufficient basis for the clerk or deputy clerk to report that the requirements of (2) have been met.
Obligation to collect or record All courts
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California Cal. Rules of Court 4.541 Minimum requirements of supervision agency reports
Except as provided in (d), a petition for revocation of supervision must include a written report that contains at least the following information:(1) Information about the supervised person, including:(A) Personal
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identifying information, including name and date of birth;(B) Custody status and the date and circumstances of arrest;(C) Any pending cases and case numbers;(D) The history and background of the supervised person, including a summary of the supervised person's record of prior criminal conduct; and(E) Any available information requested by the court regarding the supervised person's risk of recidivism, including any validated risk-needs assessments;(2) All relevant terms and conditions of supervision and the circumstances of the alleged violations, including a summary of any statement made by the supervised person, and any victim information, including statements and type and amount of loss;(3) A summary of any previous violations and sanctions; and(4) Any recommended sanctions
Obligation to report/conduct analysis Supervision agency
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California Cal. Pen. Code § 1463.010 Proceedings in Misdemeanor and Infraction Cases: Enforcement of court orders; Guidelines for collection program; Annual report; Business license suspension program; Amnesty

The uniform imposition and enforcement of court-ordered debts are recognized as an important element of California’s judicial system. Prompt, efficient, and effective imposition and collection of court-ordered fees, fines, forfeitures,

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penalties, restitution, and assessments ensure the appropriate respect for court orders. The California State Association of Counties and the Administrative Office of the Courts are jointly committed to identifying, improving, and seeking to expand access to mechanisms and tools that will enhance efforts to collect court-ordered debt. To provide for this prompt, efficient, and effective collection:(a) The Judicial Council shall adopt guidelines for a comprehensive program concerning the collection of moneys owed for fees, fines, forfeitures, penalties, and assessments imposed by court order. As part of its guidelines, the Judicial Council may establish standard agreements for entities to provide collection services. As part of its guidelines, the Judicial Council shall include provisions that promote competition by and between entities in providing collection services to courts and counties. The Judicial Council may delegate to the Administrative Director of the Courts the implementation of the aspects of this program to be carried out at the state level. (b) The courts and counties shall maintain the collection program that was in place on January 1, 1996, unless otherwise agreed to in writing by the court and county. The program may wholly or partially be staffed and operated within the court itself, may be wholly or partially staffed and operated by the county, or may be wholly or partially contracted with a third party. In carrying out this collection program, each superior court and county shall develop a cooperative plan to implement the Judicial Council guidelines. In the event that a court and a county are unwilling or unable to enter into a cooperative plan pursuant to this section, prior to the arbitration procedures required by subdivision (e) of Section 1214.1, the court or the county may request the continuation of negotiations with mediation assistance as mutually agreed upon and provided by the Administrative Director of the Courts and the California State Association of Counties. (c) The Judicial Council shall develop performance measures and benchmarks to review the effectiveness of the cooperative superior court and county collection programs operating pursuant to this section. Each superior court and county shall jointly report to the Judicial Council, as provided by the Judicial Council, information requested in a reporting template on or before September 1, 2009, and annually thereafter. The Judicial Council shall report to the Legislature on December 31, 2009, and annually thereafter, on all of the following: (1) The extent to which each court or county is following best practices for its collection program. (2) The performance of each collection program. (3) Any changes necessary to improve performance of collection programs statewide. (d) The Judicial Council may, when the efficiency and effectiveness of the collection process may be improved, facilitate a joint collection program between superior courts, between counties, or between superior courts and counties. (e) The Judicial Council may establish, by court rule, a program providing for the suspension and nonrenewal of a business and professional license if the holder of the license has unpaid fees, fines, forfeitures, penalties, and assessments imposed upon them under a court order. The Judicial Council may provide that some or all of the superior courts or counties participate in the program. Any program established by the Judicial Council shall ensure that the licensee receives adequate and appropriate notice of the proposed suspension or nonrenewal of his or her license and has an opportunity to contest the suspension or nonrenewal. The opportunity to contest may not require a court hearing. (f) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Judicial Council, after consultation with the Franchise Tax Board with respect to collections under Section 19280 of the Revenue and Taxation Code, may provide for an amnesty program involving the collection of outstanding fees, fines, forfeitures, penalties, and assessments, applicable either statewide or within one or more counties. The amnesty program shall provide that some or all of the interest or collections costs imposed on outstanding fees, fines, forfeitures, penalties, and assessments may be waived if the remaining amounts due are paid within the amnesty period.

Obligation to collect or record State courts
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California Cal. Pen. Code § 1463.02 Proceedings in Misdemeanor and Infraction Cases: Establishment of task force; Task force responsibilities and duties; Chairperson; Membership; Report

(a) On or before June 30, 2011, the Judicial Council shall establish a task force to evaluate criminal and traffic-related court-ordered debts imposed against adult and juvenile offenders. The task

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force shall be comprised of the following members:(1) Two members appointed by the California State Association of Counties. (2) Two members appointed by the League of California Cities. (3) Two court executives, two judges, and two Administrative Office of the Courts employees appointed by the Judicial Council. (4) One member appointed by the Controller. (5) One member appointed by the Franchise Tax Board. (6) One member appointed by the California Victim Compensation Board. (7) One member appointed by the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. (8) One member appointed by the Department of Finance. (9) One member appointed by each house of the Legislature. (10) A county public defender and a city attorney appointed by the Speaker of the Assembly. (11) A defense attorney in private practice and a district attorney appointed by the Senate Committee on Rules. (b) The Judicial Council shall designate a chairperson for the task force. The task force shall, among other duties, do all of the following: (1) Identify all criminal and traffic-related court-ordered fees, fines, forfeitures, penalties, and assessments imposed under law. (2) Identify the distribution of revenue derived from those debts and the expenditures made by those entities that benefit from the revenues. (3) Consult with state and local entities that would be affected by a simplification and consolidation of criminal and traffic-related court-ordered debts. (4) Evaluate and make recommendations to the Judicial Council and the Legislature for consolidating and simplifying the imposition of criminal and traffic-related court-ordered debts and the distribution of the revenue derived from those debts with the goal of improving the process for those entities that benefit from the revenues, and recommendations, if any, for adjustment to the court-ordered debts. (c) The task force also shall document recent annual revenues from the various penalty assessments and surcharges and, to the extent feasible, evaluate the extent to which the amount of each penalty assessment and surcharge impacts total annual revenues, imposition of criminal sentences, and the actual amounts assessed. (d) The task force also shall evaluate and make recommendations to the Judicial Council and the Legislature on or before June 30, 2011, regarding the priority in which court-ordered debts should be satisfied and the use of comprehensive collection programs authorized pursuant to Section 1463.007, including associated cost-recovery practices.

Obligation to collect or record Other
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California Cal. Gov. Code § 6253(a)-(b) Inspection of Public Records: Time for inspection of public records; “Unusual circumstances”; Posting of public record on Web site

(a) Public records are open to inspection at all times during the office hours of the state or local agency and every person has a right to inspect any public

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record, except as hereafter provided. Any reasonably segregable portion of a record shall be available for inspection by any person requesting the record after deletion of the portions that are exempted by law.(b) Except with respect to public records exempt from disclosure by express provisions of law, each state or local agency, upon a request for a copy of records that reasonably describes an identifiable record or records, shall make the records promptly available to any person upon payment of fees covering direct costs of duplication, or a statutory fee if applicable. Upon request, an exact copy shall be provided unless impracticable to do so.

Obligation to respond to public records requests All
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California CA ST TR COURT Rule 2.503(c) Application and scope: Courthouse electronic access only

A court that maintains the following records in electronic form must provide electronic access to them at the courthouse, to the extent it is feasible to do so, but may

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provide remote electronic access only to the records governed by (b):(1) Records in a proceeding under the Family Code, including proceedings for dissolution, legal separation, and nullity of marriage; child and spousal support proceedings; child custody proceedings; and domestic violence prevention proceedings; . . . (5) Records in a criminal proceeding.

Obligation to collect or record All courts
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California CA ST TR COURT Rule 2.503(e) Application and scope: Remote access allowed in extraordinary criminal cases

Notwithstanding (c)(5), the presiding judge of the court, or a judge assigned by the presiding judge, may exercise discretion, subject to (e)(1), to permit electronic access by the public to

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all or a portion of the public court records in an individual criminal case if (1) the number of requests for access to documents in the case is extraordinarily high and (2) responding to those requests would significantly burden the operations of the court. An individualized determination must be made in each case in which such remote electronic access is provided.

Obligation to collect or record All courts
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Mississippi Miss. Code Ann. § 63-9-17(2)-(3) Recording cinvictions and completion of traffic safety violator course
(2) Unless otherwise sooner required by law, within five (5) days after the conviction of a person upon a charge of violating any law regulating the operation of vehicles on
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the highways, streets or roads of this state, every court in which such conviction was had shall prepare and immediately forward to the Department of Public Safety an abstract of the record of said court covering the case in which said person was so convicted, which abstract must be certified by the person so authorized to prepare the same to be true and correct.(3) Said abstract must be made upon a form approved by the Department of Public Safety, and shall include the name and address of the party charged, the registration number of the vehicle involved, the nature of the offense, the date of hearing, the plea, the judgment, and if the fine was satisfied by prepayment or appearance bond forfeiture, and the amount of the fine or forfeiture, as the case may be.
Obligation to collect or record All courts
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Mississippi Miss. Code Ann. § 25-61-5(1)(a) Public access to records; redaction; maximum waiting period; explanation of delay; denials
Except as otherwise provided by Sections 25-61-9 and 25-61-11, all public records are hereby declared to be public property, and any person shall have the right to inspect, copy or mechanically reproduce or
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obtain a reproduction of any public record of a public body in accordance with reasonable written procedures adopted by the public body concerning the cost, time, place and method of access, and public notice of the procedures shall be given by the public body, or, if a public body has not adopted written procedures, the right to inspect, copy or mechanically reproduce or obtain a reproduction of a public record of the public body shall be provided within one (1) working day after a written request for a public record is made. No public body shall adopt procedures which will authorize the public body to produce or deny production of a public record later than seven (7) working days from the date of the receipt of the request for the production of the record.
Obligation to respond to public records requests All courts
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Mississippi Miss. Code Ann. § 9-11-19(1) Collection and report of charges
 It shall be the duty of every clerk of the justice court to receive and account for all fees, costs, fines and penalties charged and collected in the justice court,
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and, monthly to report in writing under oath, to the clerk of the board of supervisors who shall upon receipt submit such report to the board of supervisors of all such fees, costs, fines and penalties received, including cash bonds and other monies which have been forfeited in criminal cases and at least semiannually any delinquent fines and penalties, giving the date, amount, and names of persons from whom such monies were received, and to pay so much thereof as shall have been received to the clerk of the board of supervisors for deposit into the general fund of the county. Any clerk of the justice court who shall fail to make such report or to pay the money so received shall, in addition to any other fine or punishment provided by law for such conduct, not be entitled to compensation for the period of time during which such report or money is outstanding.
Obligation to collect or record All courts
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Mississippi Miss. Code Ann. § 9-1-45(1) Annual reports; noncompliance; penalties
Each chancery and circuit clerk shall file, not later than April 15 of each year, with the State Auditor of Public Accounts a true and accurate annual report on a
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form to be designed and supplied to each clerk by the State Auditor of Public Accounts immediately after January 1 of each year. The form shall include the following information: (a) revenues subject to the salary cap, including fees; (b) revenues not subject to the salary cap; and (c) expenses of office, including any salary paid to a clerk's spouse or children. Each chancery and circuit clerk shall provide any additional information requested by the Public Employees' Retirement System for the purpose of retirement calculations.
Obligation to report/conduct analysis All courts
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Mississippi Miss. Code Ann. § 25-7-19(2)(a) Sheriffs
The sheriff shall keep a complete account of every fee of every nature, commission or charge collected by him, and shall file an itemized statement thereof monthly, under oath, with
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the clerk of the board of supervisors of his county who shall preserve same as a part of the records of his office, and he shall make a remittance to the clerk of the board of supervisors of his county on or before the fifteenth of each month for deposit into the general fund of the county of all said fees, commissions and charges collected during the preceding month. A fee for attempted service of process is unearned absent two (2) documented actual attempts to serve the process.
Obligation to collect or record Law enforcement
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Mississippi Miss. Code Ann. § 99-19-65 Collection of fines and penalties
The clerk of the circuit court shall, immediately after the adjournment of every term, issue execution according to the nature of the case, for all fines, penalties and forfeitures assessed
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by the court, or which shall have accrued to the state or to the county, and remaining due and unpaid. Said clerk shall, within thirty days after such adjournment, transmit a list of said executions to the clerk of the board of supervisors of the county, noting the names of the defendants, the amounts, and the sheriff or other officer to whom the same was delivered; and, at the same time he shall transmit to said clerk a statement of the returns made by the sheriff or other officer on execution for fines, penalties, and forfeitures returnable to the last term of the court. Any circuit court clerk who shall fail to issue such executions, or to transmit the lists thereof as required, shall forfeit and pay the sum of two hundred dollars for every such offense, to be recovered by the state or county, on motion against him and his sureties by the district attorney, before the circuit court. The clerk of the board of supervisors shall notify the district attorney of such default.
Obligation to report/conduct analysis All courts
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Montana Mont. Code Ann. § 3-1-511 Procedure--contempt committed in presence of court
When a contempt is committed in the immediate view and presence of the court or judge at chambers and the contemptuous conduct requires immediate action in order to restore order,
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maintain the dignity or authority of the court, or prevent delay, it may be punished summarily. An order must be made reciting the facts that occurred in the judge's immediate view and presence and adjudging that the person proceeded against is guilty of a contempt and that the person must be punished as prescribed in the order. An order may not be issued unless the person proceeded against has been informed of the contempt and given an opportunity to defend or explain the person's conduct. A person may be adjudged guilty of and penalized for criminal contempt under this section by a fine in an amount not to exceed $500 or by imprisonment for a term not to exceed 30 days, or both, and by any other reasonable conditions or restrictions that the court may consider appropriate under the circumstances.
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Montana Mont. Code Ann. § 2-6-1003 Access to public information--safety and security exceptions--Montana historical society exception
A public officer may withhold from public scrutiny information relating to individual or public safety or the security of public facilities, including public schools, jails, correctional facilities, private correctional facilities,
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and prisons, if release of the information jeopardizes the safety of facility personnel, the public, students in a public school, or inmates of a facility. A public officer may not withhold from public scrutiny any more information than is required to protect individual or public safety or the security of public facilities.
Obligation to respond to public records requests All
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Montana Mont. Code Ann. § 2-6-1006 Public information requests--fees
(1) A person may request public information from a public agency. A public agency shall make the means of requesting public information accessible to all persons. (2) Upon receiving a request
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for public information, a public agency shall respond in a timely manner to the requesting person by: (a) making the public information maintained by the public agency available for inspection and copying by the requesting person; or (b) providing the requesting person with an estimate of the time it will take to fulfill the request if the public information cannot be readily identified and gathered and any fees that may be charged pursuant to subsection (3). (3) A public agency may charge a fee for fulfilling a public information request. Except where a fee is otherwise provided for by law, the fee may not exceed the actual costs directly incident to fulfilling the request in the most cost-efficient and timely manner possible. The fee must be documented. The fee may include the time required to gather public information. The public agency may require the requesting person to pay the estimated fee prior to identifying and gathering the requested public information. (4) A public agency is not required to alter or customize public information to provide it in a form specified to meet the needs of the requesting person. (5) If a public agency agrees to a request to customize a records request response, the costs of the customization may be included in the fees charged by the agency. (6)(a) The secretary of state is authorized to charge fees under this section. The fees must be set and deposited in accordance with 2-15-405. The fees must be collected in advance. (b) The secretary of state may not charge a fee to a member of the legislature or public officer for any search relative to matters pertaining to the duties of the member's office or for a certified copy of any law or resolution passed by the legislature relative to the member's official duties.
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Montana Mont. Code Ann. § 2-6-1502 Protection of personal information--compliance--extensions
Each state agency that maintains the personal information of an individual shall develop procedures to protect the personal information while enabling the state agency to use the personal information as
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necessary for the performance of its duties under federal or state law. The procedures must include measures to: (a) eliminate the unnecessary use of personal information; (b) identify the person or state agency authorized to have access to personal information; (c) restrict access to personal information by unauthorized persons or state agencies; (d) identify circumstances in which redaction of personal information is appropriate; (e) dispose of documents that contain personal information in a manner consistent with other record retention requirements applicable to the state agency; (f) eliminate the unnecessary storage of personal information on portable devices; and (g) protect data containing personal information if that data is on a portable device.
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