Transparency

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State Statute Description/Statute Name Statutory language Type of obligation Actor
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California Cal. Rules of Court 4.320 Records of criminal convictions
In addition to the information that the Department of Justice requires from courts under Penal Code section 13151, each trial court must also report, electronically or manually, the following information,
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in the form and manner specified by the Department of Justice:(1) Whether the defendant was represented by counsel or waived the right to counsel; and(2) In the case of a guilty or nolo contendere plea, whether:(A) The defendant was advised of and understood the charges;(B) The defendant was advised of, understood, and waived the right to a jury trial, the right to confront witnesses, and the privilege against self-incrimination; and(C) The court found the plea was voluntary and intelligently made. For purposes of this rule, a change of plea form signed by the defendant, defense counsel if the defendant was represented by counsel, and the judge, and filed with the court is a sufficient basis for the clerk or deputy clerk to report that the requirements of (2) have been met.
Obligation to collect or record All courts
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California Cal. Rules of Court 4.541 Minimum requirements of supervision agency reports
Except as provided in (d), a petition for revocation of supervision must include a written report that contains at least the following information:(1) Information about the supervised person, including:(A) Personal
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identifying information, including name and date of birth;(B) Custody status and the date and circumstances of arrest;(C) Any pending cases and case numbers;(D) The history and background of the supervised person, including a summary of the supervised person's record of prior criminal conduct; and(E) Any available information requested by the court regarding the supervised person's risk of recidivism, including any validated risk-needs assessments;(2) All relevant terms and conditions of supervision and the circumstances of the alleged violations, including a summary of any statement made by the supervised person, and any victim information, including statements and type and amount of loss;(3) A summary of any previous violations and sanctions; and(4) Any recommended sanctions
Obligation to report/conduct analysis Supervision agency
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California Cal. Pen. Code § 1463.010 Proceedings in Misdemeanor and Infraction Cases: Enforcement of court orders; Guidelines for collection program; Annual report; Business license suspension program; Amnesty

The uniform imposition and enforcement of court-ordered debts are recognized as an important element of California’s judicial system. Prompt, efficient, and effective imposition and collection of court-ordered fees, fines, forfeitures,

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penalties, restitution, and assessments ensure the appropriate respect for court orders. The California State Association of Counties and the Administrative Office of the Courts are jointly committed to identifying, improving, and seeking to expand access to mechanisms and tools that will enhance efforts to collect court-ordered debt. To provide for this prompt, efficient, and effective collection:(a) The Judicial Council shall adopt guidelines for a comprehensive program concerning the collection of moneys owed for fees, fines, forfeitures, penalties, and assessments imposed by court order. As part of its guidelines, the Judicial Council may establish standard agreements for entities to provide collection services. As part of its guidelines, the Judicial Council shall include provisions that promote competition by and between entities in providing collection services to courts and counties. The Judicial Council may delegate to the Administrative Director of the Courts the implementation of the aspects of this program to be carried out at the state level. (b) The courts and counties shall maintain the collection program that was in place on January 1, 1996, unless otherwise agreed to in writing by the court and county. The program may wholly or partially be staffed and operated within the court itself, may be wholly or partially staffed and operated by the county, or may be wholly or partially contracted with a third party. In carrying out this collection program, each superior court and county shall develop a cooperative plan to implement the Judicial Council guidelines. In the event that a court and a county are unwilling or unable to enter into a cooperative plan pursuant to this section, prior to the arbitration procedures required by subdivision (e) of Section 1214.1, the court or the county may request the continuation of negotiations with mediation assistance as mutually agreed upon and provided by the Administrative Director of the Courts and the California State Association of Counties. (c) The Judicial Council shall develop performance measures and benchmarks to review the effectiveness of the cooperative superior court and county collection programs operating pursuant to this section. Each superior court and county shall jointly report to the Judicial Council, as provided by the Judicial Council, information requested in a reporting template on or before September 1, 2009, and annually thereafter. The Judicial Council shall report to the Legislature on December 31, 2009, and annually thereafter, on all of the following: (1) The extent to which each court or county is following best practices for its collection program. (2) The performance of each collection program. (3) Any changes necessary to improve performance of collection programs statewide. (d) The Judicial Council may, when the efficiency and effectiveness of the collection process may be improved, facilitate a joint collection program between superior courts, between counties, or between superior courts and counties. (e) The Judicial Council may establish, by court rule, a program providing for the suspension and nonrenewal of a business and professional license if the holder of the license has unpaid fees, fines, forfeitures, penalties, and assessments imposed upon them under a court order. The Judicial Council may provide that some or all of the superior courts or counties participate in the program. Any program established by the Judicial Council shall ensure that the licensee receives adequate and appropriate notice of the proposed suspension or nonrenewal of his or her license and has an opportunity to contest the suspension or nonrenewal. The opportunity to contest may not require a court hearing. (f) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Judicial Council, after consultation with the Franchise Tax Board with respect to collections under Section 19280 of the Revenue and Taxation Code, may provide for an amnesty program involving the collection of outstanding fees, fines, forfeitures, penalties, and assessments, applicable either statewide or within one or more counties. The amnesty program shall provide that some or all of the interest or collections costs imposed on outstanding fees, fines, forfeitures, penalties, and assessments may be waived if the remaining amounts due are paid within the amnesty period.

Obligation to collect or record State courts
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California Cal. Pen. Code § 1463.02 Proceedings in Misdemeanor and Infraction Cases: Establishment of task force; Task force responsibilities and duties; Chairperson; Membership; Report

(a) On or before June 30, 2011, the Judicial Council shall establish a task force to evaluate criminal and traffic-related court-ordered debts imposed against adult and juvenile offenders. The task

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force shall be comprised of the following members:(1) Two members appointed by the California State Association of Counties. (2) Two members appointed by the League of California Cities. (3) Two court executives, two judges, and two Administrative Office of the Courts employees appointed by the Judicial Council. (4) One member appointed by the Controller. (5) One member appointed by the Franchise Tax Board. (6) One member appointed by the California Victim Compensation Board. (7) One member appointed by the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. (8) One member appointed by the Department of Finance. (9) One member appointed by each house of the Legislature. (10) A county public defender and a city attorney appointed by the Speaker of the Assembly. (11) A defense attorney in private practice and a district attorney appointed by the Senate Committee on Rules. (b) The Judicial Council shall designate a chairperson for the task force. The task force shall, among other duties, do all of the following: (1) Identify all criminal and traffic-related court-ordered fees, fines, forfeitures, penalties, and assessments imposed under law. (2) Identify the distribution of revenue derived from those debts and the expenditures made by those entities that benefit from the revenues. (3) Consult with state and local entities that would be affected by a simplification and consolidation of criminal and traffic-related court-ordered debts. (4) Evaluate and make recommendations to the Judicial Council and the Legislature for consolidating and simplifying the imposition of criminal and traffic-related court-ordered debts and the distribution of the revenue derived from those debts with the goal of improving the process for those entities that benefit from the revenues, and recommendations, if any, for adjustment to the court-ordered debts. (c) The task force also shall document recent annual revenues from the various penalty assessments and surcharges and, to the extent feasible, evaluate the extent to which the amount of each penalty assessment and surcharge impacts total annual revenues, imposition of criminal sentences, and the actual amounts assessed. (d) The task force also shall evaluate and make recommendations to the Judicial Council and the Legislature on or before June 30, 2011, regarding the priority in which court-ordered debts should be satisfied and the use of comprehensive collection programs authorized pursuant to Section 1463.007, including associated cost-recovery practices.

Obligation to collect or record Other
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California Cal. Gov. Code § 6253(a)-(b) Inspection of Public Records: Time for inspection of public records; “Unusual circumstances”; Posting of public record on Web site

(a) Public records are open to inspection at all times during the office hours of the state or local agency and every person has a right to inspect any public

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record, except as hereafter provided. Any reasonably segregable portion of a record shall be available for inspection by any person requesting the record after deletion of the portions that are exempted by law.(b) Except with respect to public records exempt from disclosure by express provisions of law, each state or local agency, upon a request for a copy of records that reasonably describes an identifiable record or records, shall make the records promptly available to any person upon payment of fees covering direct costs of duplication, or a statutory fee if applicable. Upon request, an exact copy shall be provided unless impracticable to do so.

Obligation to respond to public records requests All
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California CA ST TR COURT Rule 2.503(c) Application and scope: Courthouse electronic access only

A court that maintains the following records in electronic form must provide electronic access to them at the courthouse, to the extent it is feasible to do so, but may

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provide remote electronic access only to the records governed by (b):(1) Records in a proceeding under the Family Code, including proceedings for dissolution, legal separation, and nullity of marriage; child and spousal support proceedings; child custody proceedings; and domestic violence prevention proceedings; . . . (5) Records in a criminal proceeding.

Obligation to collect or record All courts
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California CA ST TR COURT Rule 2.503(e) Application and scope: Remote access allowed in extraordinary criminal cases

Notwithstanding (c)(5), the presiding judge of the court, or a judge assigned by the presiding judge, may exercise discretion, subject to (e)(1), to permit electronic access by the public to

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all or a portion of the public court records in an individual criminal case if (1) the number of requests for access to documents in the case is extraordinarily high and (2) responding to those requests would significantly burden the operations of the court. An individualized determination must be made in each case in which such remote electronic access is provided.

Obligation to collect or record All courts
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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 559.231 Board of probation - records

It shall be the duty of said board to keep a record of persons paroled and, as far as possible, of their whereabouts, occupation and conduct, and a record of

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the final discharge of such persons upon parole, or the revocation of any parole and the reasons therefor.

Obligation to collect or record Supervision agency
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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 476.010 Courts of record

The supreme court of the state of Missouri, the court of appeals, and the circuit courts shall be courts of record, and shall keep just and faithful records of their

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proceedings. Notwithstanding the foregoing, municipal divisions of the circuit courts shall not be considered courts of record, regardless of whether or not a verbatim record of proceedings before the division is kept.

Obligation to collect or record State courts
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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 476.260 Court to audit accounts

The court shall audit and adjust the accounts of the sheriff or other officer attending it, and certify the same for payment.

Obligation to report/conduct analysis State courts
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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 476.412 Reports, statistical information on caseload, filed with supreme court, when--contents

In addition to any other report required by law or court rule, or in conjunction with such report, each presiding judge of a judicial circuit and the chief judge of

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each district of the court of appeals shall file an annual report by September first of each year or such other date as directed by the supreme court. The report shall be in the form prescribed by the state courts administrator and shall provide statistical information, where applicable, on the performance of the reporting court and each judge of the reporting court in relation to caseload handled by the court during the period between reports, the rate of disposition of cases, the average duration of cases until final disposition, the number of cases requiring trial, the number of cases disposed of by settlement, the average time between filing of a case and final disposition and the average projected time between filing of a case and final disposition. Such statistical information shall be particularized according to type of case, including but not limited to personal injury, contract, domestic relations, equity, juvenile, felonies and misdemeanors. The report made by the presiding judge of each circuit shall also include the number and type of circuit division cases handled by associate circuit judges and the number and type of such cases handled by senior judges, if any, assigned to the circuit. Each report shall also include an analysis by the reporting judge on the success of the court in handling its caseload, procedures adopted by the court to handle caseload, projected ability of the court under existing conditions to handle projected future caseload, any needs of the court for additional judges, additional court personnel, space, facilities, and equipment and necessary or desired changes in court rules or procedures or in state law. In connection with any recommendation for additional judges, the report shall specify in detail the conditions requiring additional judges and whether the needs of the court could be satisfied by the appointment of senior judges as provided in section 476.681, or by assignment of judges from other circuits, how many such judges would be required, for what periods of time, and the type of cases proposed to be handled.

Obligation to report/conduct analysis State courts
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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 479.080(3) Fines and costs, where paid, deposited--supreme court may provide for uniform procedure Currentness

The supreme court by administrative rule may provide for uniform procedure, and reporting forms for the collection and transmittal of fines and costs. Until modified or otherwise provided by such

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administrative rule, the municipal judge, or associate circuit judge hearing and determining violations of municipal ordinances, shall cause the clerk serving his division, within the first ten days of every month, to make out a list of all the cases heard or tried before the judge during the preceding month, giving in each case the name of the defendant, the fine imposed, if any, the amount of costs, the names of defendants committed and the cases in which there was an application for trial de novo, respectively. Such clerk or the judge shall verify such lists and statements by affidavit, and file the same forthwith with the clerk of the municipality, who shall lay the same before the governing body or the municipality at its first session thereafter.

Obligation to collect or record Clerk
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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 483.55(3) Clerks to charge, collect court costs, when

In divisions presided over by associate circuit judges for which the circuit clerk is not responsible for collecting court costs as hereinabove provided, the associate circuit judge shall designate by

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order entered of record a division clerk who shall be responsible for the collection of all court costs with respect to cases in the division; or if there be a centralized filing and docketing system for two or more divisions presided over by an associate circuit judge, then a division clerk or clerks shall be designated in accordance with the provisions of local circuit court rule by an order which shall be entered of record, and if there be no such rule adopted, then a majority of the associate circuit judges being served shall designate a division clerk or clerks who shall be responsible for the collection of all court costs with respect to cases in the divisions served by the centralized filing and docketing system.

Obligation to collect or record Clerk
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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 483.55(5) Clerks to charge, collect court costs, when

The responsible clerks shall make periodic reports of delinquent court costs which are due at such times and in such form as may be required by the state courts administrator.

Obligation to collect or record Clerk
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Missouri Mo. Ann. Stat. § 550.26(1),(3) Criminal court cost bills, certification for payment

1. All criminal court cost bills shall be certified for payment as herein provided, and in addition thereto the circuit clerks of each county shall make copies of all original

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criminal court cost bills certified to the director of the department of corrections for payment, and shall file the same with the treasurers of their respective counties, and the city of St. Louis, at the time of transmitting the original for payment.


3. The treasurers, on receipt of any such warrants and criminal court cost bills, shall record the criminal court cost bills in a well-bound book arranged with appropriate headings, so that the same shall correspond, as near as may be, with the accounts required to be kept by other officers in section 50.470.

Obligation to collect or record Clerk, Other
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Missouri Payment of fees--deductions Mo. Ann. Stat. § 550.27

The county treasurers shall pay out all such fees to the proper owners as the same may be called for; provided, that before any such fees shall be paid the

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party to whom the same is due shall furnish satisfactory evidence to the treasurer that he or she, as the case may be, is not at the time indebted to the state or county, on account of delinquent back taxes, or is indebted to the state or county on account of any fine, penalty, forfeitures or forfeited recognizances or costs for a violation of any criminal statute of this state, or for contempt of any court, no matter if the same shall have been paid by oath of insolvency as provided by law; or is indebted to the state or any county on account of any funds coming to his hands by reason of any public office; provided further, that after deducting the amount of the indebtedness of the claimant, if any, on account of any or all of the various causes herein enumerated, the treasurer shall pay him the balance, giving duplicate receipts for the separate amounts paid, one of which shall be filed with the county clerk, who shall charge the treasurer with the same, but if the indebtedness of the claimant equals or exceeds the amount of his fees, the treasurer shall give him credit for the amount of his fees, stating on what account, and shall make duplicate receipts for the same, one of which he shall deliver to the claimant and the other he shall file with the county clerk, who shall charge the treasurer with all such receipts, and in his regular settlements with the county commission the treasurer shall make a full and complete exhibit of all his acts and doings under sections 550.260 to 550.300.

Obligation to collect or record Other
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Virginia Va. Code Ann. § 17.1-283. Statements required of clerks of courts of record.
A. Every clerk of a court of record, except the Clerks of the Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals, shall file monthly with the Compensation Board a full and
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accurate statement showing all such fees, allowances, commissions, salaries or other compensation or emolument of office, derived from the Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof, or from any other source whatever, collected or received by him. The statements shall include the date of collection and sources from which the collections were made, and shall be verified by a procedure agreed upon by the Compensation Board and the Auditor of Public Accounts. The statements shall be open to public inspection at all times.
Obligation to collect or record All courts
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Virginia Va. Code Ann. § 19.2-349(A) clerks' reporting requirements
A. The clerk of the circuit court and district court of every county and city shall submit to the judge of his court, the Department of Taxation, the State Compensation
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Board and the attorney for the Commonwealth of his county or city a monthly report of all fines, costs, forfeitures and penalties which are delinquent more than 30 days, including court-ordered restitution of a sum certain, imposed in his court for a violation of state law or a local ordinance which remain unsatisfied, including those which are delinquent in installment payments. The monthly report shall include the social security number or driver's license number of the defendant, if known, and such other information as the Department of Taxation and the Compensation Board deem appropriate. The Executive Secretary shall make the report required by this subsection on behalf of those clerks who participate in the Supreme Court's automated information system.
Obligation to collect or record All courts
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Virginia Va. Code Ann. § 19.2-349(C) Department of Taxation reporting requirements
The Department of Taxation and the State Compensation Board shall annually report to the Governor and the General Assembly the total of fines, costs, forfeitures and penalties assessed, collected, and
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unpaid and those which remain unsatisfied or do not meet the conditions of § 19.2-354 by each circuit and district court. The report shall include the procedures established by the Department of Taxation and the State Compensation Board pursuant to this section and a plan for increasing the collection of unpaid fines, costs, forfeitures and penalties. The Auditor of Public Accounts shall annually report to the Governor, the Executive Secretary of the Supreme Court and the General Assembly as to the adherence of clerks of courts, attorneys for the Commonwealth and other state agencies to the procedures established by the Department of Taxation and the State Compensation Board.
Obligation to report/conduct analysis State/statewide agency
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Virginia Va. Code Ann. § 19.2-360 clerk record of disposition
The Executive Secretary of the Supreme Court shall prescribe and prepare forms of official receipts for fines and distribute them to the clerks of the circuit courts and to the
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clerks of the district courts for their use. A record of the disposition of each receipt form shall be maintained as prescribed by the Executive Secretary.
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