Data Explorer: Enforcement Mechanisms | 50 State Criminal Justice Debt Tool

Poverty Penalties and Poverty Traps

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	State	Statute	Description/Statute Name	Statutory language	Type of poverty penalty or poverty trap	Level of offense	Mandatory
Add to Dashboard + Create New	California	Cal. Pen. Code § 273a(c)(3)(B)	Endangering child or causing or permitting child to suffer physical pain, mental suffering, or injury; Conditions of probation	(B) The terms of probation for offenders shall not be lifted until all reasonable fees due to the counseling program have been paid in full, but in no case shall + See more probation be extended beyond the term provided in subdivision (a) of Section 1203.1. If the court finds that the defendant does not have the ability to pay the fees based on the defendant’s changed circumstances, the court may reduce or waive the fees.	Condition or extension of supervision	Misdemeanor, Felony	No
Add to Dashboard + Create New	Oklahoma	Okla. Stat. tit. 22, § 1355.14D	Payment of costs of representation--Fee schedule	Any order directing the defendant to pay costs of representation shall be a lien against all real and personal property of the defendant and may be filed against such property + See more and foreclosed as provided by law for civil liens.	Property liens	All	Yes
Add to Dashboard + Create New	Virginia	Va. Code Ann. § 19.2-356	Requiring payment as condition of probation/suspended sentence	If a defendant is placed on probation, or imposition or execution of sentence is suspended, or both, the court may make payment of any fine, or costs, or fine and + See more costs, either on a certain date or on an installment basis, a condition of probation or suspension of sentence.	Condition or extension of supervision	All	No
Add to Dashboard + Create New	Virginia	Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-458	Property Lien	Every judgment for money rendered in this Commonwealth by any state or federal court or by confession of judgment, as provided by law, shall be a lien on all the + See more real estate of or to which the defendant in the judgment is or becomes possessed or entitled, from the time such judgment is recorded on the judgment lien docket of the clerk's office of the county or city where such land is situated	Property liens	All	Yes
Add to Dashboard + Create New	Virginia	Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-466	Execution of writ of fieri facias	On a judgment for money, it shall be the duty of the clerk of the court in which such judgment was rendered, upon request of the judgment creditor, his assignee + See more or his attorney, to issue a writ of fieri facias at the expiration of twenty-one days from the date of the entry of the judgment and place the same in the hands of a proper person to be executed and take his receipt therefor.	Property liens	All	Yes
Add to Dashboard + Create New	Virginia	Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-478	Liens on money and bank notes	The writ of fieri facias may be levied as well on the current money and bank notes, as on the goods and chattels of the judgment debtor, except such as + See more are exempt from levy under Title 34, and shall bind what is capable of being levied on only from the time it is actually levied by the officer to whom it has been delivered to be executed.	Property liens	All	No
Add to Dashboard + Create New	Virginia	Va. Code Ann. § 19.2-305.1(E)	Modification of community supervision after violation	E. Unreasonable failure to execute the plan by the defendant shall result in revocation of the probation or imposition of the suspended sentence. A hearing shall be held in accordance + See more with the provisions of this Code relating to revocation of probation or imposition of a suspended sentence before either such action is taken.	Condition or extension of supervision	All	Yes

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