Data Explorer: Institutional Structure of Courts | 50 State Criminal Justice Debt Tool

Structure of Courts

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Below are all of the laws that govern the structure of courts that match your search criteria.

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	State	Statute	Description/Statute Name	Statutory language	Court/legal body	Function
Add to Dashboard + Create New	California	Cal. Con. art. VI, § 2	Supreme Court; justices; time for convening; concurrence required for judgment; acting Chief Justice	The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice ofCalifornia and 6 associate justices. The Chief Justice may convene the court at any time. Concurrence of 4 judges present at + See more the argument is necessary for a judgment. An acting Chief Justice shall perform all functions of the Chief Justice when the Chief Justice is absent or unable to act. The Chief Justice or, if the Chief Justice fails to do so, the court shall select an associate justice as acting Chief Justice.	Supreme Court	Creation of the courts
Add to Dashboard + Create New	California	Cal. Con. art. VI, § 3	Courts of appeal; districts; divisions; power; concurrence required for judgment; acting presiding justice	The Legislature shall divide the State into districts eachcontaining a court of appeal with one or more divisions. Each division consists of a presiding justice and 2 or more associate justices. + See more It has the power of a court of appeal and shall conduct itself as a 3-judge court. Concurrence of 2 judges present at the argument is necessary for a judgment. An acting presiding justice shall perform all functions of the presiding justice when the presiding justice is absent or unable to act. The presiding justice or, if the presiding justice fails to do so, the Chief Justice shall select an associate justice of that division as acting presiding justice.	Court of Appeals	Creation of the courts
Add to Dashboard + Create New	California	Cal. Con. Art. VI, Sec. 4	Superior courts; officers and employees; appellate divisions	In each county there is a superior court of one or morejudges. The Legislature shall prescribe the number of judges and provide for the officers and employees of each superior + See more court. If the governing body of each affected county concurs, the Legislature may provide that one or more judges serve more than one superior court. In each superior court there is an appellate division. The Chief Justice shall assign judges to the appellate division for specified terms pursuant to rules, not inconsistent with statute, adopted by the Judicial Council to promote the independence of the appellate division.	Superior Court	Creation of the courts
Add to Dashboard + Create New	California	Cal. Con. art. VI, § 12	Supreme Court; review	The Supreme Court may review the decision of a court of appeal in any cause.	Supreme Court	Jurisdiction of the courts
Add to Dashboard + Create New	California	Cal. Const. art. VI, § 1	Judicial power	The judicial power of this State is vested in the Supreme Court, courts of appeal, and superior courts, all of which are courts of record.	Judicial power generally	Jurisdiction of the courts
Add to Dashboard + Create New	Oklahoma	Okla. Stat. tit. 20, § 40	Appellate Jurisdiction	The Court of Criminal Appeals shall have exclusive appellate jurisdiction, coextensive with the limits of the state, in all criminal cases appealed from the district, superior and county courts, and + See more such other courts of record as may be established by law.	Court of Criminal Appeals	Jurisdiction of the courts
Add to Dashboard + Create New	Oklahoma	Okla. Stat. tit. 20, § 91.1	District courts as successors to jurisdiction of various other courts	The district courts of the State of Oklahoma are the successors to the jurisdiction of all other courts, including the Superior Courts, the County Courts, the Courts of Common Pleas, + See more Special Sessions Courts, Courts of Special Sessions, City Courts, Juvenile Courts, Children's Courts, Justice of the Peace Courts, and municipal courts in civil matters and proceedings for the violation of state statutes. Wherever reference is made in the Oklahoma Statutes to any of the above courts or to the judge thereof, it shall be deemed to refer to the district court or a judge thereof; provided, however, that any statute that refers to the salary of the judge of any Superior Court, Court of Common Pleas, County Court, Juvenile Court, or Children's Court, insofar as that portion of the statute dealing with salary is concerned, shall not be deemed to refer to any district judge, associate district judge or special judge, and any salary mentioned in such statute shall not be paid to the judge who succeeded to the jurisdiction of the judge who is named in the statute.	District Court	Jurisdiction of the courts
Add to Dashboard + Create New	Oklahoma	Okla. Stat. tit. 22, § 471.1	Authorization of Drug Court Programs	Each district court of this state is authorized to establish a drug court program pursuant to the provisions of this act, subject to availability of funds. Juvenile drug courts may + See more be established based upon the provisions of this act; provided, however, juveniles shall not be held, processed, or treated in any manner which violates any provision of Title 10A of the Oklahoma Statutes.	District Court	Creation of the courts
Add to Dashboard + Create New	Oklahoma	Okla. Stat. tit. 22, § 472	Anna McBride Act--Mental health courts	Any district or municipal court of this state may establish a mental health court program pursuant to the provisions of this section, subject to the availability of funds.	District Court or Municipal Court	Creation of the courts
Add to Dashboard + Create New	Oklahoma	Okla. Stat. tit. 11, § 28-102	Jurisdiction of criminal court of record--Jury trial--Maximum punishment--Double jeopardy	he municipal criminal courts of record shall have original jurisdiction to hear and determine all prosecutions when a violation of any of the ordinances of the city where the court + See more is established is charged, as provided by Article VII, Section 1 of the Oklahoma Constitution.	Municipal Court	Jurisdiction of the courts

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